HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric GI Disorders Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 73
Plain radiographs may demonstrate the following findings in acute appendicitis EXCEPT
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Question 2 of 73
All of the following are true about cyclic vomiting EXCEPT
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Question 3 of 73
The nurse is caring for an infant with biliary atresia. The parents ask why the child is receiving cholestyramine. Select the nurse's best response.
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Question 4 of 73
The patient in Question 40 is carefully evaluated. All electrolytes are normal, a plain abdominal x-ray (KUB) reveals multiple air fluid levels, but the barium small bowel follow-through is negative for an anatomic site of obstruction. The most likely etiology of the patient's distention and vomiting is
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Question 5 of 73
A premature infant was demonstrated to have intestinal malrotation. After surgical repair, she experienced repeated episodes of emesis and abdominal distention. The differential diagnosis should include all of the following EXCEPT
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Question 6 of 73
Nitazoxanide is an anti-infective agent effective in the treatment of the following EXCEPT
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Question 7 of 73
The nurse receives a call from the parent of a 10-month-old who has vomited three times in the past 8 hours. The parent describes the baby as playful and wanting to drink. The parent asks what to give the child. Select the nurse's best response.
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Question 8 of 73
All the following are real risk factors for vitamin B12 deficiency EXCEPT
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Question 9 of 73
An absolute contraindication to breastfeeding is
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Question 10 of 73
Acute diarrhea in infancy is commonly caused by
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Question 11 of 73
The parents of a 4-year-old ask the nurse how to manage their child's constipation. Select the nurse's best response.
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Question 12 of 73
Which discharge instruction for a child diagnosed with encopresis should the nurse question?
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Question 13 of 73
In Wilson disease, a major attempt should be made to restrict dietary copper intake to
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Question 14 of 73
Contrast (usually barium) radiographic study of the esophagus and upper gastrointestinal tract has poor sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of
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Question 15 of 73
A 10-year-old is being evaluated for possible appendicitis and complains of nausea and sharp abdominal pain in the right lower quadrant. An abdominal ultrasound is scheduled, and a blood count has been obtained. The child vomits, finds the pain relieved, and calls the nurse. Which should be the nurse's next action?
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Question 16 of 73
The nurse is caring for an 8-week-old infant being evaluated for pyloric stenosis. Which statement by the parent would be typical for a child with this diagnosis?
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Question 17 of 73
The baby that is least vulnerable to develop vitamin K bleeding tendency is
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Question 18 of 73
In the blue diaper syndrome, symptoms can include all the following EXCEPT
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Question 19 of 73
An asymptomatic 2-year-old swallowed a hearing aid battery 4 hours previously. A radiograph at 11:00 p.m. located it in the upper third of the esophagus. The most appropriate next step is to
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Question 20 of 73
Which common complication after liver transplantation can later lead to lymphoma?
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Question 21 of 73
Regarding the epidemiology of HBV, which of the following is NOT true?
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Question 22 of 73
The nurse is providing discharge instructions to the parents of an infant who has had surgery to open a low imperforate anus. The nurse knows that the instructions are understood when the parents say:
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Question 23 of 73
Oral and intravenous atropine sulfate (pyloric muscle relaxant) has been described when surgical treatment is not available for hypertrophic pyloric stenosis with a success rate of
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Question 24 of 73
A 16-year-old female with a past history of hypothyroidism now manifests fever, anorexia, amenorrhea, and jaundice of 4 months' duration. Her direct bilirubin level is 6 mg/dL, and her total bilirubin value is 11 mg/dL. Results of the tests for hepatitis A, B, and C are negative, and her serum IgG level is 16.5 g/L. The most likely diagnosis is
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Question 25 of 73
Which of the following features is MORE common in ulcerative colitis than in Crohn disease?
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Question 26 of 73
Typically the first erupted teeth are
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Question 27 of 73
The best approach to the treatment of the patient in Question 43 is
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Question 28 of 73
The nurse is caring for a neonate with an anorectal malformation. The nurse notes that the infant has not passed any stool per rectum but the infant's urine contains meconium. The nurse can make which assumption?
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Question 29 of 73
A 10-year-old presents with dysphagia, regurgitation of undigested food, and failure to thrive. Chest radiograph reveals bronchiectasis. The most likely diagnosis
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Question 30 of 73
The best indicator of chronic folate deficiency is
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Question 31 of 73
An 18-month-old is discovered with his mouth over a storage bottle containing a strong alkali.
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Question 32 of 73
The nurse is caring for a 4-month-old with gastroesophageal reflux (GER) who is due to receive Zantac (ranitidine). Based on the medication's mechanism of action, when should it be administered?
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Question 33 of 73
Autoimmune hepatitis is a clinical diagnosis based on certain diagnostic criteria. Important positive features include all the following EXCEPT
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Question 34 of 73
The MOST specific late radiographic feature of scurvy is
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Question 35 of 73
Of the following vaccines, the one recommended to be given to a 10-month-old unimmunized boy is
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Question 36 of 73
More education about necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is needed in a nursing in-service when one of the participants states:
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Question 37 of 73
A 9-year-old white male presents with a 3-month history of epigastric abdominal pain that is intermittent, aching, and lasts for 10-15 minutes. Pain is also present at night. Stool examination for occult blood is positive. The most likely diagnosis is
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Question 38 of 73
Encephalopathy in refeeding syndrome is mainly a result of
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Question 39 of 73
A 3-year-old manifests the sudden onset of drooling and coughing. He is anxious and refuses to eat. His voice is normal, and his lung examination results also are normal. The most likely diagnosis is
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Question 41 of 73
All of the following metabolic disorders can cause constipation EXCEPT
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Question 42 of 73
The MOST objective indicator of adequate breast milk intake by the infant is
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Question 43 of 73
The following conditions are risk factors for carotenemia EXCEPT
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Question 44 of 73
The World Health Organization (WHO) oral rehydration solution (ORS) has the following EXCEPT
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Question 45 of 73
Essential fatty acid deficiency is associated with all the following features EXCEPT
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Question 46 of 73
The following features are more common in Crohn's disease than ulcerative colitis
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Question 47 of 73
Wilson disease is associated with all of the following EXCEPT
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Question 48 of 73
The nurse is caring for a 2-year-old child who was admitted for moderate dehydration due to vomiting and diarrhea. The child is restless with irritability, afebrile, has a HR of 148, BP of 90/42, and laboratory tests reveal: Na 152, Cl 119, and glucose 1The parents state the child has not urinated in 12 hours. After establishing a saline lock, the nurse reviews the physician's orders. Which order should the nurse question?
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Question 49 of 73
The calcium equivalent of 1 cup of milk (about 300 mg of calcium) is
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Question 50 of 73
In evaluating the cause of rickets, which test is convenient if malabsorption is a consideration?
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Question 51 of 73
The investigations to be done as part of initial evaluation of a newly identified 12-year-old girl with obesity are the following EXCEPT
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Question 52 of 73
Which manifestation would the nurse expect to see in a 4-week-old infant with biliary atresia?
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Question 53 of 73
Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome, a neurologic disorder characterized by progressive pontobulbar palsy and sensorineural hearing loss, responds to treatment with
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Question 54 of 73
A 4-year-old diabetic child from a low socioeconomic family presented with angular stomatitis; glossitis; cheilosis; seborrheic dermatitis around the nose and mouth; reduced tearing, and photophobia. Of the following, the MOST likely cause of his condition is deficiency of
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Question 55 of 73
Inorganic phosphorus is raised in
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Question 57 of 73
Refeeding syndrome is characterized by
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Question 58 of 73
The following infections may cause malabsorption in immunocompromised children EXCEPT
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Question 59 of 73
Of the following, the most common cause of ascites in children is
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Question 60 of 73
Regarding nutritional requirement during childhood, all the following are true EXCEPT
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Question 61 of 73
Folate is important during embryogenesis for the development of
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Question 62 of 73
Cross-bite malocclusion exists when
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Question 63 of 73
In the reductive adaptation process of evolution to a state of full malnutrition, all the following events will be ensued EXCEPT
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Question 64 of 73
The features of exocrine pancreatic deficiency include all the following EXCEPT
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Question 65 of 73
Hepatic synthetic function can be assessed by
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Question 66 of 73
A 2-year-old female was well until 12 hours ago, when lethargy, vomiting, and intermittent crying episodes began during which she appears to be in pain. During these painful episodes, she draws her legs up to her abdomen. In the office, she passes a maroon-colored stool and has a slightly tender but full abdomen. The most likely diagnosis is
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Question 67 of 73
A 2-year-old child presented with severe clinical manifestations of vitamin A deficiency including xerophthalmia. Of the following, the suggested therapeutic vitamin A doses are
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Question 68 of 73
Ileus is the failure of intestinal peristalsis caused by loss of coordinated gut motility without evidence of mechanical obstruction. In children, ileus accompanies the following metabolic abnormalities EXCEPT
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Question 69 of 73
The success rate for establishing good bile flow after the Kasai operation is much higher if performed before
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Question 70 of 73
All the following are dimensions of food security EXCEPT
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Question 71 of 73
Periodontitis is often associated with the following conditions EXCEPT
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Question 72 of 73
A common presentation of malrotation during the first month of life is
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Question 73 of 73
An 18-month-old girl presented with a 6 month history of diarrhea, abdominal distension, failure to thrive, irritability, and decreased appetite. Of the following, the MOST likely diagnosis is
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