HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 180
Routine hearing tests in the community are usually based on:
A
Distraction testing
B
Auditory brainstem responses
C
Evoked potentials
D
Object discrimination
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 2 of 180
In which of the following valve lesions, Dimensionless Index (DI) is used as an echocardiographic parameter to assess the severity of the lesion?
A
Aortic stenosis
B
Aortic regurgitation
C
Mitral regurgitation
D
Mitral stenosis
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 3 of 180
Pregnancy is contraindicated in mothers with
A
pulmonary hypertension
B
ventricular septal defects
C
prosthetic valves
D
atrial septal defects
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 4 of 180
An older client is admitted after falling while walking. The left leg is externally rotated and shorter than the right leg, and the client is having severe pain and tingling in the left foot. The nurse is unable to palpate the left pedal pulses. Which action is most important for the nurse to implement?
A
Use a doppler to assess bilateral pedal pulses
B
Administer pain medication to relieve discomfort.
C
Position the client’s left leg in a neutral position to reduce pain.
D
Immobilize the left leg to prevent further injury.
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 5 of 180
Indications for an exchange transfusion include:
A
ABO incompatibility
B
Acute chest syndrome
C
Sepsis
D
Polycythaemia
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 6 of 180
List THREE indications for intervention for aortopathy in Marfan’s syndrome in an older teenager.
A
Aortic root or ascending aorta dilation >44-50mm
B
Symptomatic (pain consistent with rupture)
C
Growth of >0.5cm/y
D
All of the above
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 7 of 180
Down syndrome and VSD
A
Doesn't close spontaneously as in children without downs
B
Inaudible murmur is a characteristic feature / Murmur is not audible
C
Pulmonary Hypertension is a late complication
D
If no murmur, condition need not be investigated
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 8 of 180
The following statements concerning acute gastroenteritis in childhood are correct:
A
Intravenous fluid therapy is essential in severe cases
B
Loperamide should be avoided
C
The commonest causes of failure to thrive following an attack is persistent bacterial infection
D
Septicaemia is a recognised feature of Salmonella gastroenteritis
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 9 of 180
Xanthomas within palmar creases are seen characteristically in
A
Pseudoxanthoma elasticum
B
Type II hyperlipoproteinemia
C
Type IIl hyperlipoproteinemia
D
Hypothyroidism
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 10 of 180
An older male client tells the nurse that he is losing sleep because he has to get up several times at night to go to the bathroom, that he has trouble starting his urinary stream, and that he does not feel like his bladder is ever completely empty. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
A
Collect a urine specimen for culture analysis
B
Review the client's fluid intake prior to bedtime
C
Palpate the bladder above the symphysis pubis
D
Obtain a fingerstick blood glucose level
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 11 of 180
Typical features of Down's syndrome include:
A
Brachycephaly
B
Hypotonia
C
Male infertility
D
Increased a-fetoprotein in amniotic fluid
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 12 of 180
A harsh, blowing grade IV/VI murmur is auscultated in a 6-month-old infant. What will the nurse practitioner do next?
A
Get a complete blood count to rule out severe anemia.
B
Obtain an electrocardiogram to assess for arrhythmia.
C
Order a chest radiograph to evaluate for cardiomegaly.
D
Refer to a pediatric cardiologist for further evaluation.
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 13 of 180
Acute bronchiolitis is associated with:
A
A higher incidence in infants than in school children
B
The production of copious amounts of purulent sputum
C
Widespread fine crackles
D
A polymorphonuclear leucocytosis
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 14 of 180
Nurse Kelly is teaching the parents of a young child how to handle poisoning. If the child ingests poison, what should the parents do first?
A
Administer ipecac syrup
B
Call an ambulance immediately
C
Call the poison control center
D
Punish the child for being bad
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 15 of 180
An older woman who experienced a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) has difficulty with visual perception and she only eats half of the food on her meal tray. Her family expresses concern about her nutritional status. How should the nurse respond to the family's concern?
A
Encourage the family to offer to feed the client when she does not eat her entire meal.
B
Suggest that the family bring foods from home that the client enjoys
C
Explain that weight loss will be reversed after the acute phase of the stroke has ended.
D
Demonstrate the use of visual scanning during meals to the client and family.
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 16 of 180
A seizure episode may be mimicked by:
A
Breath-holding episode
B
Choreoathetosis
C
Hysterical reactions
D
Vasovagal attack
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 17 of 180
Treatment options in the management of an intussusception include:
A
Contrast enema
B
Air enema
C
Water enema
D
Open surgery
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 18 of 180
Which plan would be appropriate in helping to control congestive heart failure (CHF) in an infant?
A
Promoting fluid restriction
B
Feeding a low-salt formula
C
Feeding in semi-Fowler position
D
Encouraging breast milk
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 19 of 180
While planning care for a client with carpal tunnel syndrome, the nurse identifies a collaborative problem of pain. what is the etiology of this problem?
A
Irritation of nerve endings
B
Diminished blood flow
C
Ischemic tissue changes
D
Compression of a nerve
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 20 of 180
What are THREE associated echo findings for an infant with wide spaced nipples and a webbed neck?
A
LV systolic dysfunction
B
Blunted abdominal aortic Doppler
C
Bicuspid aortic valve
D
All of the above
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 21 of 180
All of the following are features of Behcet disease except
A
Reduced T helper cell 1 activity
B
Increased expression of HSP60
C
Association with HLA-B51
D
Vasculitis with fibrinoid necrosis
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 22 of 180
Diastolic dysfunction and normal systolic function are recognized features of
A
dilated cardiomyopathy
B
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
C
left ventricular noncompaction
D
restrictive cardiomyopathy
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 23 of 180
Diagnosis of nocturnal enuresis can be made in:
A
A 3-year-old boy with recurrent bedwetting
B
A 4-year-old who has started bedwetting after attaining complete toilet control at 3½ years of age
C
A 5-year-old girl who is recently staining her underclothes at school
D
A 6-year-old recovering from a recent UTI
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 24 of 180
An adult female client is diagnosed with restless leg syndrome and is referred to the sleep clinic. The healthcare provider prescribes ferrous sulfate (Feosol) 325 mg PO daily. Which laboratory values should the nurse monitor?
A
Serum electrolytes
B
Neutrophils and eosinophils
C
Serum iron and ferritin
D
Platelet count and hematocrit
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 25 of 180
What is the most likely congenital heart lesion in a newborn with Trisomy 21?
A
AVSD
B
Tetralogy of Fallot
C
Ventricular septal defect
D
Pulmonary stenosis
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 26 of 180
Hemodynamic definition of 'Isolated post-capillary Pulmonary Hypertension' is
A
Pulmonary artery wedge pressure > 15 mm Hg
B
Right ventricular systolic pressure > 36 mm Hg
C
Diastolic pressure gradient < 7 mm Hg
D
Pulmonary vascular resistance > 3 Wood units
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 27 of 180
An adolescent who sustained a tibia fracture in a motor vehicle accident has a cast. What should the nurse do to help relieve the itching?
A
Apply cool air under the cast with a blow-dryer
B
Use sterile applicators to scratch the itch
C
Apply cool water under the cast
D
Apply hydrocortisone cream under the cast using sterile applicator
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 28 of 180
About juvenile chronic arthritis:
A
Rheumatoid factor is an important diagnostic test to perform in suspected cases
B
Pauciarticular type is the commonest type
C
Cervical spine involvement is uncommon
D
Methotrexate is the first line drug in therapy
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 29 of 180
A client with cholelithiasis has a gallstone lodged in the common bile duct and is unable to eat or drink without becoming nauseated and vomiting. Which finding should the nurse report to the healthcare provider.
A
Belching
B
Amber urine
C
Yellow sclera
D
Flatulence
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 30 of 180
In bronchopulmonary dysplasia:
A
Lung compliance is increased
B
Bronchial reactivity is increased
C
Lung function typically improves with age
D
Hyperinflation is an associated finding
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 31 of 180
Peak expiratory flow rate:
A
Is a sensitive parameter to assess improvement to therapy in acute bronchial asthma
B
Measures small airway resistance
C
Is more related to height rather than age
D
Less than 50% of normal is an indication for aminophylline therapy in acute asthma
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 32 of 180
A 4-year-old child presents to the clinic with a history of persistent dry cough and wheezing. What is the nurse’s primary concern?
A
Allergic reaction
B
Asthma exacerbation
C
Respiratory infection
D
Acute bronchiolitis
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 33 of 180
Increased anion gap is seen in:
A
Uraemia
B
Starvation
C
Renal tubular acidosis
D
Acetazolamide therapy
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 34 of 180
Which of the following features favor a diagnosis of restrictive cardiomyopathy over constrictive pericarditis?
A
Elevated pulmonary artery pressures
B
Normal BNP levels
C
Annulus reversus
D
Ventricular interdependence
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 35 of 180
The MOST common cyanotic congenital cardiac lesion to present in the newborn period is
A
dextroposed heart
B
transposition of great arteries
C
tetralogy of Fallot
D
truncus arteriosus
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 36 of 180
Correct statement regarding congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) is
A
CRS with vaccine-strain of virus has not been reported
B
Re-infections during pregnancy do not result in CRS
C
Administration of immune globulin immediately after exposure to a case during pregnancy is effective in preventing CRS
D
Patent ductus arteriosus is the commonest manifestation of CRS
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 37 of 180
A pediatric patient is scheduled for a noninvasive procedure to determine if his heart is structurally normal and to localize a murmur. What diagnostic test does the nurse anticipate?
A
Barium swallow
B
Chest x-ray
C
Electrocardiogram
D
Echocardiogram
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 38 of 180
A client with an acute exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has localized pain and inflammation of the fingers and feet; swelling, redness, and restricted joint motion; and reports feeling fatigued. Which nursing diagnosis has the highest priority for this client?
A
Pain related to joint inflammation
B
Impaired physical mobility.
C
Risk for infection.
D
Disturbed sleep pattern.
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 39 of 180
The following statements regarding retinoblastoma are correct:
A
It is usually fatal even if diagnosis is made early
B
The tumour is heritable
C
They may occur bilaterally
D
The finding of leucorrhoea suggests the diagnosis
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 40 of 180
ECG
A
Bifid P waves in large VSD
B
Complete Ht block in cyanotic attacks of fallots
C
RBBB in Ebstein anomaly
D
Right axis deviation in tricuspid atresia
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 41 of 180
The MOST common cause of syncope in children is
A
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
B
prolonged QT syndrome
C
atrioventricular block
D
neurocardiogenic syncope
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 42 of 180
The following drugs cause hypokalaemia:
A
Commencement of digoxin for atrial fibrillation
B
ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) inhibitors
C
Salbutamol for asthma
D
Vitamin B1 for the treatment of pernicious anaemia
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 43 of 180
The following cranial nerves carry pre-ganglionic parasympathetic nerves:
A
Oculomotor nerve
B
Trigeminal nerve
C
Facial nerve
D
Vagus nerve
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 44 of 180
Recognised features of brucellosis include:
A
Osteomyelitis
B
Liver granuloma
C
Pericarditis
D
Splenomegaly
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 45 of 180
Functional causes of opening Snap (either due to swift opening of AV valve or due to excess flow across the valve) is seen in all, except
A
Mitral regurgitation
B
Ventricular septal defect
C
Atrial septal defect
D
First degree AV block
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 46 of 180
Symptoms in patients with aortic stenosis depend on the severity of the obstruction EXCEPT
A
cardiomegaly
B
pulmonary congestion
C
weak pulses
D
pale skin
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 47 of 180
In Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome:
A
The abnormal pathway is between the atrial and ventricular myocardium
B
Wide QRS complexes occur more frequently than narrow QRS
C
Narrow QRS complexes are regular
D
Verapamil is the treatment of choice for atrial fibrillation
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 48 of 180
The routine investigation of a 4-year-old with an uncomplicated UTI involves:
A
Renal ultrasound scan
B
Micturating cystogram
C
DMSA (dimercaptosuccinic acid) scan
D
DTP scan
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 49 of 180
The nurse is assessing a child with acute otitis media. Which finding should the nurse expect?
A
Bilateral eye discharge and fever
B
A bulging, red tympanic membrane
C
Nasal congestion and headache
D
Persistent cough and sore throat
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 50 of 180
When caring for a client with nephrotic syndrome, which assessment is most important for the nurse to obtain?
A
Daily weight
B
Vital signs
C
Level of consciousness
D
Bowel sounds
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 51 of 180
Increased TSH is seen in a neonate with:
A
Thyroxine insensitivity
B
Iodine deficiency
C
Hyperbilirubinaemia
D
Thyroid agenesis
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 52 of 180
A pulmonary embolus occurring while the patient is on the combined oral contraceptive pill:
A
Is more likely in anti-thrombin III deficiency
B
Is more likely in protein C deficiency
C
Is an absolute contraindication to the combined pill
D
Is an increased risk in smokers
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 53 of 180
A child has been seen by the school nurse for dizziness since the start of the school term. It happens when standing in line for recess and homeroom. The child now reports that she would rather sit and watch her friends play hopscotch because she cannot count out loud and jump at the same time. When the nurse asks her if her chest ever hurts, she says yes. Based on this history, the nurse suspects that she has:
A
Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
B
Aortic stenosis (AS)
C
Mitral valve prolapse
D
Tricuspid atresia
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 54 of 180
Cristina, a mother of a 4-year-old child tells the nurse that her child is a very poor eater. What’s the nurse’s best recommendation for helping the mother increase her child’s nutritional intake?
A
Allow the child to feed herself
B
Use specially designed dishes for children – for example, a plate with the child’s favorite cartoon character
C
Only serve the child’s favorite foods
D
Allow the child to eat at a small table and chair by herself
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 55 of 180
The school nurse has been following a child who frequently complains of dizziness and headache. Today, she is brought in after fainting in the cafeteria following a nosebleed. Her BP is 122/85, and her radial pulses are bounding. The nurse suspects she has:
A
Transposition of the great vessels
B
Coarctation of the aorta (COA)
C
Aortic stenosis (AS)
D
Pulmonic stenosis (PS)
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 56 of 180
Which type of shock is characterized by a hypersensitivity reaction causing massive vasodilation and capillary leaks, which may occur with drug or latex allergy?
A
Neurogenic
B
Cardiogenic
C
Hypovolemic
D
Anaphylactic
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 57 of 180
In the treatment of asthma, inhaled corticosteroids:
A
Relieve acute symptoms
B
Prevent long-term symptoms
C
Cause airway constriction
D
Are contraindicated in pregnancy
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 58 of 180
In scabies:
A
Itching is due to sensitisation by the mite
B
Vesicles may be seen in children
C
The organism is easily demonstrated
D
Spread can occur through clothes and bedding
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 59 of 180
Decreased DLCO is seen with:
A
Increased CO in circulation
B
Anaemia
C
Pulmonary fibrosis
D
Exercise
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 60 of 180
Skin lesions characteristically associated with CNS problems:
A
Dermatitis herpetiformis
B
Vitiligo
C
Strawberry angioma on face
D
Axillary freckling
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 61 of 180
Pulmonary venous hypertension is a feature of
A
Large ostium secundum defect with left to right shunt
B
large ventricular septal defect with left to right shunt
C
large pulmonary arteriovenous malformation
D
Tricuspid atresia with restrictive atrial septal defect
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 62 of 180
Commonly used anti-epileptic drugs in children include:
A
Sodium valproate
B
Lamotrigine
C
Topiramate
D
Phenytoin
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 63 of 180
Regarding bronchial asthma:
A
Mortality has shown an increase during the past three decades
B
The incidence is greater in males than females
C
Nocturnal cough is a recognised feature
D
Post-RSV bronchial hyperreactivity is strongly associated with atopy
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 64 of 180
A nurse teaches a client with diabetes mellitus and a body mass index of 42 who is at high risk for coronary artery disease. Which statement related to nutrition should the nurse include in this client’s teaching?
A
The best way to lose weight is a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet.
B
You should balance weight loss with consuming the necessary nutrients.
C
A nutritionist will provide you with information about your new diet.
D
If you exercise more frequently, you won’t need to change your diet.
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 65 of 180
Aspirin has been ordered for the child with rheumatic fever (RF) in order to:
A
Keep the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) open
B
Reduce joint inflammation
C
Decrease swelling of strawberry tongue
D
Treat ventricular hypertrophy of endocarditis
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 66 of 180
Which of the following is correct in breast milk jaundice?
A
Peaks at first week of life
B
Recurs with resumption of breast milk after trial stoppage
C
Kernicterus can occur
D
Seen in up to 10% of infants
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 67 of 180
A nurse is teaching nursing students the physiology of congenital heart defects. Which defect results in decreased pulmonary blood flow?
A
Atrial septal defect
B
Tetralogy of Fallot
C
Ventricular septal defect
D
Patent ductus arteriosus
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 68 of 180
All patients with clinical evidence of a PDA are at increased risk for endocarditis. As a result, patients with PDA should be considered for irreversible closure EXCEPT
A
small, hemodynamically insignificant PDA
B
small, hemodynamically significant PDA
C
moderate PDA
D
large PDA
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
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Question 69 of 180
Patients at risk for bacterial endocarditis include those with all of the following EXCEPT
A
repaired simple atrial septic defect
B
aortic stenosis
C
rheumatic fever heart disease
D
palliative vascular shunts
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
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Question 70 of 180
Concerning tetanus:
A
The infection is usually fatal
B
The muscle spasms are often localized
C
Immunization confers lifelong immunity
D
Incubation period is usually weeks
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
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Question 71 of 180
SA 14-14-2 Vaccine for Japanese encephalitis is
A
Live attenuated
B
Vero cell derived inactivated
C
Mouse-brain derived inactivated
D
Live recombinant
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
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Question 72 of 180
A client admitted to a surgical unit is being evaluated for an intestinal obstruction. The healthcare provider prescribes a nasogastric tube (NGT) to be inserted and placed to intermittent low wall suction. Which intervention should the nurse implement to facilitate proper tube placement?
A
Soak nasogastric tube in warm water
B
Insert tube with client's head tilted back
C
Apply suction while inserting tube
D
Elevate head of bed 60 to 90 degrees
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 73 of 180
Common causes of recurrent haematuria are:
A
Berger's disease
B
Goodpasture's syndrome
C
Renal stones
D
Acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 74 of 180
A 3-month-old infant who was previously healthy now has a persistent cough, bilateral lung crackles, and poor appetite. A grade III/VI, low-pitched, holosystolic murmur over the left lower sternal border and palpates the liver at one centimeter below the ribs. What diagnosis is likely?
A
Atrial septal defect (ASD)
B
Coarctation of the aorta (COA)
C
Patent ductus arteriosis (PDA)
D
Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 75 of 180
A previously well 3½-month-old presents with poor feeding, diaphoresis during feeding, and poor growth. Vital signs reveal respirations of 70, pulse of 175, and blood pressure of 90/65 mm Hg in the upper and lower extremities. The cardiac examination reveals a palpable parasternal lift and a systolic thrill. A grade 4 holosystolic murmur and a mid-diastolic rumble are noted. The chest radiograph reveals cardiomegaly. The most likely diagnosis is
A
cardiomyopathy
B
myocarditis
C
VSD
D
coarctation of the aorta
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 76 of 180
Malabsorption may be seen in:
A
Ischaemia of the gut
B
Giardiasis
C
Lymphoma of the ileum
D
Chronic lead poisoning
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 77 of 180
Which of the following is a neurocutaneous syndrome without cutaneous manifestations?
A
Sturge-Weber syndrome
B
Tuberous sclerosis
C
Ataxia telangiectasia
D
Von Hippel-Lindau disease
Select an option. Use Strike to cross one out.
HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 78 of 180
The following are examples of acquired heart disease. Select all that apply.
A
Infective endocarditis
B
Coarctation of the aorta
C
Rheumatic fever (RF)
D
Cardiomyopathy
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Question 79 of 180
Features that would increase suspicion of cerebral palsy at age 9 months include:
A
Presence of Moro reflex
B
Abductor spasm
C
Hand dominance
D
Grasp reflex
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Question 80 of 180
An infant is experiencing dyspnea related to patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). What does the nurse understand regarding why dyspnea occurs?
A
Blood is circulated through the lungs again, causing pulmonary circulatory congestion.
B
Blood is shunted past the pulmonary circulation, causing pulmonary hypoxia.
C
Blood is shunted past cardiac arteries, causing myocardial hypoxia.
D
Blood is circulated through the ductus from the pulmonary artery to the aorta, bypassing the left side of the heart.
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Question 81 of 180
Which among the following is a correct description for the condition 'mitral arcade'?
A
Absent chordal insertions
B
Absent papillary muscles
C
Fused papillary muscles
D
Elongated papillary muscles
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Question 82 of 180
Causes of non-bloody diarrhoea include:
A
Shigella dysentery
B
Campylobacter jejuni
C
Giardia lamblia
D
Salmonella
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Question 83 of 180
A nurse auscultated heart tones on an older adult client. Which action should the nurse take based on the heart tones heard?
A
Administer a diuretic.
B
Document the finding.
C
Decrease the IV flow rate.
D
Evaluate the client’s medications.
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Question 84 of 180
Vigorous exercise should be avoided in
A
Prolong QT interval
B
Maladie de Roger deformity
C
Aortic stenosis
D
Bicuspid aortic valve
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Question 85 of 180
The following factors trigger renin secretion:
A
Hyponatremia
B
ACTH
C
Hypovolemia
D
ADH
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 86 of 180
Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
A
Causes LV outflow tract obstruction
B
Occurs after adenoviral infection
C
Commonly occurs in infancy
D
Double apical impulse
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 87 of 180
The jugular venous pressure (JVP) has a predictable relationship with pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP). A JVP of >12 mm Hg predicted PAWP >22 mm Hg by 88% in which of the following trials?
A
BNP
B
ESCAPE
C
EVEREST
D
EMPA REG
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 88 of 180
A 70-year-old male client with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is hospitalized with an infected ulcer on his great right toe. Which instruction should the nurse emphasize during discharge teaching?
A
Check the insides and linings of all enclosed shoes before putting the shoes on
B
Wash the feet with soap and water, then apply a topical antibiotic ointment.
C
Trim toenails weekly to prevent injury.
D
Avoid wearing sandals or open-toed shoes.
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Question 89 of 180
A nurse assesses a client who is recovering after a left-sided cardiac catheterization. Which assessment finding requires immediate intervention?
A
Urinary output less than intake
B
Bruising at the insertion site
C
Slurred speech and confusion
D
Discomfort in the left leg
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Question 90 of 180
The following diseases have diagnostic EEG findings:
A
Petit mal epilepsy
B
Infantile spasms
C
Acute measles encephalopathy
D
Herpes encephalitis
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Question 91 of 180
It is reasonable to suspect child abuse in the following situations:
A
6-month old with a large scalp bruise
B
7-year-old girl who is found masturbating
C
2-year old with multiple bruises of different ages over the shins
D
3-month old with failure to thrive
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Question 92 of 180
Recognised features of anorexia nervosa include:
A
T-wave inversion on ECG
B
Hypocholesterolaemia
C
Peripheral oedema
D
Sinus bradycardia
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 93 of 180
The lower limit of pulse rate in neonate at rest is
A
50/min
B
60/min
C
70/min
D
80/min
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Question 94 of 180
For the child with hypoplastic left heart syndrome, which medication may be given to keep the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) open until surgery can be done?
A
Prostaglandin E
B
Indomethicin
C
Ibuprofen
D
Digoxin
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Question 95 of 180
The predominant manifestations of primary pulmonary hypertension include the following EXCEPT
A
exercise intolerance
B
precordial chest pain
C
syncope
D
low arterial oxygen saturation
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Question 96 of 180
The definition of hypertension in children is
A
average systolic blood pressure (SBP) and/or diastolic BP that is ≥95th percentile for age, sex, on ≥2 occasions
B
average systolic blood pressure (SBP) and/or diastolic BP that is ≥95th percentile for age, sex, and height on ≥2 occasions
C
average systolic blood pressure (SBP) and/or diastolic BP that is ≥95th percentile for age, sex, and height on ≥3 occasions
D
average systolic blood pressure (SBP) and/or diastolic BP that is ≥90th percentile for age, sex, and height on ≥3 occasions
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 97 of 180
The nurse is teaching the importance of an exercise regime that includes walking daily for a group of clients with asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema at a pulmonary rehabilitation clinic. Which rationale should the nurse include when motivating the clients?
A
Daily exercise and walking enhances cardiovascular fitness
B
Exercise eliminates the need for bronchodilator medications.
C
Walking daily reverses lung damage caused by chronic conditions.
D
Physical activity increases mucus production to clear airways.
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Question 98 of 180
The nurse is closely monitoring the intake and output of an infant with heart failure who is receiving diuretic therapy. The nurse should use which most appropriate method to assess urine output?
A
Inserting a foley catheter.
B
Weighing the diapers.
C
Comparing intake with output.
D
Measuring the amount of water added to the formula.
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Question 99 of 180
An 8-year-old child is receiving digoxin (Lanoxin). The nurse should notify the practitioner and withhold the medication if the apical pulse is less than _____ beats/min.
A
60
B
70
C
90
D
100
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Question 100 of 180
Specific receptor defects occur in:
A
Guillain-Barre syndrome
B
Myasthenia gravis
C
Graves' disease
D
Ulcerative colitis
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 101 of 180
The Norwood procedure is used to correct:
A
Transposition of the great vessels
B
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
C
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)
D
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
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Question 102 of 180
A client with a productive cough has obtained a sputum specimen for culture as instructed. What is the best initial nursing action?
A
Administer the first dose of antibiotic therapy
B
Observe the color, consistency, and amount of sputum
C
Encourage the client to consume plenty of warm liquids
D
Send the specimen to the lab for analysis
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 103 of 180
Regarding a supracristal VSD, the following are true EXCEPT
A
incidence is higher in Asian children
B
complicated by aortic insufficiency in 50-90% of patients
C
aortic insufficiency is most often not recognized until late in the lst decade of life
D
murmur of a supracristal VSD is usually heard at the mid to upper left sternal border
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Question 104 of 180
Fetal distress is indicated by:
A
Meconium staining of liquor
B
Arrhythmias
C
Tachycardia
D
Bradycardia
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 105 of 180
In truncus arteriosus, all the following are true EXCEPT
A
VSD is always present
B
clinical manifestations are characterized by severe cyanosis and the degree of cyanosis are high
C
both ventricles fail clinically
D
cyanosis is usually mild
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 106 of 180
The nurse is assessing a client who has tinea pedis. Which question will allow the nurse to gather further information about this condition?
A
Do you see any improvement when using tolnaftate?
B
Have you been avoiding wearing tight-fitting shoes?
C
Are you experiencing pain or itching in your feet?
D
How often do you wash your feet and change socks?
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Question 107 of 180
The most common indication of heart transplantation in the neonate is
A
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
B
Hypoplastic right heart syndrome
C
Severe Ebstein's anomaly
D
Dilated cardiomyopathy
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Question 108 of 180
The following cardiac lesions are at increased risk for bacterial endocarditis EXCEPT
A
mitral insufficiency
B
aortic stenosis
C
atrial septal defect seccundum
D
coarctation of the aorta
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Question 109 of 180
What are FOUR typical cath findings consistent with biatrial enlargement?
A
Prominent y-descent
B
Square root sign
C
RVSp >55mmHg
D
RVEDp/RVSp
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 110 of 180
Regarding cafe-au-lait spots:
A
They can be normal findings
B
They are found in tuberous sclerosis
C
When present in a child, > 4 spots each > 0.5 cm, is diagnostic of neurofibromatosis type II
D
Typical appearance in neurofibromatosis is of a smooth border
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 111 of 180
The following syndromes are caused by chromosomal abnormalities:
A
Cri-du-chat syndrome
B
Kearns-Sayre syndrome
C
Marfan's syndrome
D
Turner's syndrome
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 112 of 180
A 16-year-old being treated for hypertension has laboratory values of: Hemoglobin: 16 g/dL Hematocrit: 43% Sodium: 139 mEq/L Potassium: 4.4 mEq/L Total cholesterol: 220 mg/dL Which drug does the nurse suspect the patient takes based on the total cholesterol?
A
Beta blockers
B
Calcium channel blockers
C
ACE inhibitors
D
Diuretics
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 113 of 180
As part of the treatment for heart failure, the child takes the diuretic furosemide (Lasix). As part of teaching home care, the nurse encourages the family to give the child foods such as bananas, oranges, and leafy vegetables. These foods are recommended because they are high in which nutrient?
A
Chlorides
B
Potassium
C
Sodium
D
Vitamins
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 114 of 180
A male client with a history of asthma reports having episodes of bronchoconstriction and increased mucous production while exercising. Which action should the nurse implement?
A
Determine if the client is using an inhaler before exercising
B
Advise the client to avoid all physical activity
C
Encourage the client to increase fluid intake before exercise
D
Recommend the client wear a mask while exercising
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 115 of 180
Varying intensity of the first heart sound from a booming (bruit de canon) to virtual inaudibility is seen in which of the following?
A
Mitral stenosis with atrial fibrillation
B
Constant 2:1 AV block
C
First-degree AV block
D
Congenital complete heart block
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Question 116 of 180
The typical radiologic configuration in tetralogy of Fallot as seen in the anteroposterior view consists of all the following EXCEPT
A
normal heart size
B
some elevation of the cardiac apex
C
convexity in the region of the main pulmonary artery
D
right-sided aortic arch
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 117 of 180
An older adult with heart failure is hospitalized during an acute exacerbation. To reduce cardiac workload, which intervention should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?
A
Assist with ambulation in the hallway
B
Encourage active range of motion exercises
C
Provide a bedside commode for toileting
D
Teach to sleep in a side-laying position
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 118 of 180
The clinic nurse is reviewing strategies for blood glucose monitoring with a client who is newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. When helping the client select a blood glucose meter, which client assessments should the nurse complete?
A
Manual dexterity and visual acuity
B
Capillary refill time and radial pulse volume
C
Deep tendon reflexes and skin color
D
Skin elasticity and hand grip strength
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Question 119 of 180
A client with cancer is receiving chemotherapy with a known vesicant. The client's IV has been in place for 72 hours. The nurse determines that a new IV site cannot be obtained, and leaves the present IV in place. What is the greatest clinical risk related to this situation?
A
Impaired skin integrity
B
Fluid volume excess
C
Acute pain and anxiety
D
Peripheral neurovascular dysfunction
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Question 120 of 180
All are true about genotype - phenotype correlation in Brugada syndrome, except
A
SCN5A mutation is associated with short PR interval
B
LTCC mutation is associated with short QT interval
C
Yield of genetic testing is low (25%)
D
No major therapeutic implication of genetic testing
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Question 121 of 180
All of the following are useful indicators regarding the severity of Tetralogy of Fallot
A
Systemic arterial oxygen saturation
B
Intensity of outflow murmur
C
Functional class
D
Right ventricular outflow gradient by echocardiography
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Question 122 of 180
The following features are more suggestive of biliary atresia rather than neonatal hepatitis in an infant 6 weeks of age:
A
Hepatomegaly
B
Prolonged INR (prothrombin time)
C
Biopsy specimen showed proliferation of bile ductules, periportal fibrosis and bile lakes
D
HillA scan reveals delayed uptake and excretion of the contrast material
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Question 123 of 180
The nurse is caring for a school-age child who has had a cardiac catheterization. The child tells the nurse that the bandage is “too wet.†The nurse finds the bandage and bed soaked with blood. What is the priority nursing action?
A
Notify physician
B
Apply new bandage with more pressure
C
Place the child in Trendelenburg position
D
Apply direct pressure above catheterization site
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Question 124 of 180
The following statements are true:
A
Unexplained vaginal discharge in a 3-year-old might be a sign of sexual abuse
B
Spiral fracture of femur is always non-accidental
C
Retinal bleeding in a 3-month-old unconscious baby is a sign of 'shaken baby' syndrome
D
Bruises on the elbows and knees in a 4-year-old are suggestive of physical abuse
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 125 of 180
Seventy-two hours after cardiac surgery, a young child has a temperature of 101° F. Which action should the nurse take?
A
Keep child warm with blankets.
B
Apply a hypothermia blanket.
C
Record temperature on nurses’ notes.
D
Report findings to physician.
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 126 of 180
The following procedures may abort an attack of SVT EXCEPT
A
placing of the face in ice water
B
straining
C
breath holding
D
standing on head
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Question 127 of 180
Regarding ECG in infancy
A
T Wave inversion present
B
PR interval is < 0.16 s
C
P wave is < 3mm tall
D
QRS represent ventricular depolarization
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 128 of 180
The primary care pediatric nurse practitioner is performing a sports physical on an adolescent whose history reveals mild aortic stenosis (AS). What will the nurse practitioner recommend?
A
Avoidance of all sports to prevent sudden death
B
Clearance for any sports since this is mild
C
Evaluation by a cardiologist prior to participation
D
Low-intensity sports
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 129 of 180
The parent of a 1-year-old child with tetralogy of Fallot asks the nurse, “Why do my child’s fingertips look like that?†On what understanding does the nurse base a response?
A
Clubbing occurs as a result of untreated congestive heart failure.
B
Clubbing occurs as a result of a left-to-right shunting of blood.
C
Clubbing occurs as a result of decreased cardiac output.
D
Clubbing occurs as a result of chronic hypoxia.
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Question 130 of 180
A client who suffered an electrical injury with the entrance site on the left hand and the exit site on the left foot is admitted to the burn unit. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to include in this client plan of care?
A
Continuous cardiac monitoring
B
Perform passive range of motion
C
Evaluate level of consciousness
D
Assess lung sounds q4 hours.
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 131 of 180
What are TWO possible interventions for an infant with Tetralogy of Fallot who has recurrent desaturation episodes on propranolol?
A
Full surgical repair
B
Interim repair with RVOT stent or shunt
C
Propranolol dose adjustment
D
All of the above
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Question 132 of 180
The nurse explained how to position an infant with tetralogy of Fallot if the infant suddenly becomes cyanotic. Which statement by the father leads the nurse to determine he understood the instructions?
A
If the baby turns blue, I will hold him against my shoulder with his knees bent up toward his chest.
B
If the baby turns blue, I will lay him down on a firm surface with his head lower than the rest of his body.
C
If the baby turns blue, I will immediately put the baby upright in an infant seat.
D
If the baby turns blue, I will put the baby in supine position with his head elevated.
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Question 133 of 180
Recognised features of ABO incompatibility include:
A
Normal haemoglobin on day 1
B
Worsening with subsequent pregnancies
C
Conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia
D
Negative Coombs test
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 134 of 180
A client with a history of asthma and bronchitis arrives at the clinic with shortness of breath, productive cough with thickened tenacious mucous, and the inability to walk up a flight of stairs without experiencing breathlessness. Which action is most important for the nurse to instruct the client about self-care?
A
Increase the daily intake of oral fluids to liquefy secretions
B
Avoid crowded enclosed areas to reduce pathogen exposure
C
Call the clinic if undesirable side effects of mediations occur
D
Teach anxiety reduction methods for feelings of suffocation
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 135 of 180
A male client with muscular dystrophy fell in his home and is admitted with a right hip fracture. His right foot is cool, with palpable pedal pulses. Lungs are coarse with diminished bibasilar breath sounds. Vital signs are temperature 101F, heart rate 128 beats/minute, respirations 28 breaths/minute, and blood pressure 122/82. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement first?
A
Obtain oxygen saturation level
B
Encourage incentive spirometry
C
Assess lower extremity circulation
D
Administer PRN oral antipyretic
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 136 of 180
All of the following are true regarding intussusception in children, except
A
It is more common in boys than girls
B
Adeno virus C has been implicated
C
Urgent barium meal follow-through is the investigation of choice
D
Postoperative intussusception is commonly ileoileal
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 137 of 180
A 12-year-old male tries out for a middle school hockey team. He has a history of a heart murmur as an infant, but the doctor thought it would go away. During the tryout, he experiences severe dyspnea and becomes light-headed. At your office, he has a normal rhythm, pulse, and blood pressure and is no longer dizzy. There is a grade 4/6 systole ejection murmur that radiates to the neck. There is also an ejection click. An ECG reveals left ventricular hypertrophy. The next approach to his management includes
A
chest x-ray
B
exercise test
C
digitalization
D
echocardiography
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 138 of 180
A nurse assesses an older adult client who has multiple chronic diseases. The client’s heart rate is 48 beats/min. Which action should the nurse take first?
A
Document the finding in the chart.
B
Initiate external pacing.
C
Assess the client’s medications.
D
Administer 1 mg of atropine.
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 139 of 180
Psychosis in children is suggested by:
A
Absence of speech
B
Intense outbursts of temper
C
Recurrence of bed-wetting following a period of control
D
Feelings of depersonalisation
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 140 of 180
Hypoglycemia in an infant is defined as whole blood glucose level less than
A
40 mg/dl
B
50 mg/dl
C
60 mg/dl
D
80 mg/dl
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 141 of 180
Contributing features to renal osteodystrophy include:
A
Hypophosphataemia
B
Hyperparathyroidism
C
Increased loss of calcium in the kidney
D
Hypoalbuminaemia
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 142 of 180
Regarding IUGR:
A
GH deficiency is a recognised complication in later life
B
Abdominal circumference measured by USG is a diagnostic parameter
C
Perinatal morbidity is higher in asymmetric IUGR
D
Nutritional factor is the commonest cause of IUGR in the UK
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Question 143 of 180
Triggers of the alternate pathway of complement are:
A
Bacterial lipopolysaccharide
B
Interleukin 2
C
Macrophages
D
Properdin
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 144 of 180
Which drug should not be used to control secondary hypertension in a sexually active adolescent female who uses intermittent birth control?
A
Beta blockers
B
Calcium channel blockers
C
ACE inhibitors
D
Diuretics
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 145 of 180
Which of the following is an example of humanized anti-human IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibody?
A
Infliximab
B
Adalimumab
C
Tocilizumab
D
Anakinra
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Question 146 of 180
Ventricular tachycardia (VT) is defined as at least 3 premature ventricular contractions PVCs at >120 beats/min. Hemodynamically unstable patients with VT should be immediately treated with
A
catheter ablation
B
ICD implantation
C
DC cardioversion
D
amiodarone
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Question 147 of 180
The following statements about immunoglobulins are false:
A
IgG is not transferable across the placenta
B
IgM is usually a pentamer
C
IgE levels are raised in parasitic infestations
D
IgD is important in antibody dependent cytotoxicity
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 148 of 180
Liver failure in children:
A
Is always chronic in nature
B
Wilson's disease is a common cause
C
Leads to failure to thrive
D
One of the causes is Reye syndrome
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Question 149 of 180
A child is undergoing remission induction therapy to treat leukemia. Allopurinol is included in the regimen. The main reason for administering allopurinol as part of the client’s chemotherapy regimen is to:
A
Prevent metabolic breakdown of xanthine to uric acid
B
Prevent uric acid from precipitating in the ureters
C
Enhance the production of uric acid to ensure adequate excretion of urine
D
Ensure that the chemotherapy doesn’t adversely affect the bone marrow
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Question 150 of 180
An adult client is admitted with flank pain and is diagnosed with acute pyelonephritis. What is the priority nursing action?
A
Auscultate for presence of bowel sounds.
B
Monitor hemoglobin and hematocrit
C
Encourage turning and deep breathing
D
Administer IV antibiotics as prescribed.
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 151 of 180
Indomethacin is being given to an infant with a patent ductus arteriosus in an attempt to promote closure of the PDA. The nurse caring for this infant becomes concerned about adverse side effects when noticing:
A
decreased urine output, decreased platelets, and abdominal distention.
B
increased blood pressure, tachycardia, and decreased oxygen requirements.
C
increased urine output, increased white blood cell count, and increased reticulocyte count.
D
Jaundice, pallor, and a petechial rash
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 152 of 180
True statements about the use of the new Child Health Foundation growth charts include:
A
Immediate referral is advised if the height of a child is on the second centile
B
The midparental height of a child, whose parents are 176 and 160 cm tall, is 175 cm
C
They can be used for all children including those with Down's syndrome
D
The target centile range for a girl is midparental height ± 10 cm
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 153 of 180
An older adult man recently diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is admitted with shortness of breath. The nurse observes the client sitting upright and leaning over the bedside table, using accessory muscles to assist in breathing. What action should the nurse take?
A
Assist the client to a high Fowler's position in bed
B
Observe the client for the presence of a barrel chest
C
Prepare to transfer the client to a critical care unit
D
Instruct the client in pursed lip breathing techniques
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 154 of 180
Which painful, tender, pea-sized nodules may appear on the pads of the fingers or toes in bacterial endocarditis?
A
Osler nodes
B
Janeway lesions
C
Subcutaneous nodules
D
Aschoff nodes
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 155 of 180
Dubowitz criteria to assess gestational age include:
A
Skin colour
B
Breast tissue
C
Popliteal angle
D
Moro reflex
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 156 of 180
Whirlpool' sign in abdominal ultrasonogram is seen in
A
Duodenal atresia
B
Midgut volvulus
C
Intussusception
D
Anorectal malformation
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 157 of 180
Common causes of seizures in a neonate are:
A
Hypocalcaemia
B
Hypoglycaemia
C
Pyridoxine deficiency
D
Hydrocephalus
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 158 of 180
Which action by the school nurse is important in the prevention of rheumatic fever?
A
Encourage routine cholesterol screenings.
B
Conduct routine blood pressure screenings.
C
Refer children with sore throats for throat cultures.
D
Recommend salicylates instead of acetaminophen for minor discomforts.
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 159 of 180
A 5-month-old previously well infant is found to have a loud holosystolic murmur (4/6) at the left sternal border. The first and second heart sounds are normal; there is no tachycardia, rumble, or gallop; and hepatomegaly is not noted. The child feeds well and has grown adequately. You suspect
A
spontaneous closure is more common in muscular vs. membranous defects
B
closure usually occurs in the first 2 years of life
C
there is no risk of endocarditis
D
pulmonary pressures are normal
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 160 of 180
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD):
A
Affects dystrophin gene
B
Features usually present before five years of age
C
Frontal baldness occurs
D
Is part of the differential diagnosis in a floppy infant
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 161 of 180
The main risk factor for developing deep vein thrombosis is:
A
Prolonged immobility
B
Age
C
Obesity
D
Family history
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 162 of 180
Sequelae of a complete posterior cord section between C3 and T1 include:
A
Muscle fasciculation
B
Loss of sensation below the lesion
C
Loss of deep tendon reflexes
D
Athetoid movements
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 163 of 180
Can parents hold their child during an echocardiogram procedure?
A
You will be able to hold your child during the procedure.
B
Your child can be active during the procedure, but can’t sit in your lap.
C
Your child must lie quietly; sometimes a mild sedative is administered before the procedure.
D
The procedure is invasive so your child will be restrained during the echocardiogram.
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 164 of 180
While assessing a newborn with respiratory distress, the nurse auscultates a machine-like heart murmur. Other findings are a wide pulse pressure, periods of apnea, increased PaCO2, and decreased PO2. The nurse suspects that the newborn has:
A
Pulmonary hypertension
B
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
C
Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
D
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 165 of 180
Ten hours following thrombolysis for an ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), a client is receiving a lidocaine infusion for isolated runs of ventricular tachycardia (VT). Which finding should the nurse document in the electronic medical record as a therapeutic response to the lidocaine infusion?
A
Stabilization of blood pressure ranges
B
Cessation of chest pain
C
Reduce heart rate
D
Decreased frequency of episodes of VT
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 166 of 180
The patient experiences a headache and is unable to move the left side of his body. The most likely cause is
A
embolic stroke
B
cerebral thrombosis
C
cerebral abscess
D
moyamoya disease
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 167 of 180
After the nurse provides dietary restrictions to the parents of a child with celiac disease, which statement by the parents indicates effective teaching?
A
“Well follow these instructions until our child’s symptoms disappear.â€Â
B
“Our child must maintain these dietary restrictions until adulthood.â€Â
C
“Our child must maintain these dietary restrictions lifelong.â€Â
D
“We’ll follow these instructions until our child has completely grown and developed.â€Â
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 168 of 180
Family discharge teaching has been effective when the parent of a toddler diagnosed with Kawasaki disease (KD) states:
A
The arthritis in her knees is permanent. She will need knee replacements.
B
I will give her diphenhydramine (Benadryl) for her peeling palms and soles of her feet.
C
I know she will be irritable for 2 months after her symptoms start.
D
I will continue with high doses of Tylenol for her inflammation.
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 169 of 180
Regarding cystic fibrosis:
A
It is inherited as autosomal recessive
B
There is increased risk of bronchial carcinoma in late adulthood
C
Biliary cirrhosis is a recognised feature
D
In neonates, intestinal obstruction may be the first presentation
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 170 of 180
The following contribute to the natural immunity transmitted in breast milk:
A
Macrophages
B
Natural killer cells
C
Lysozyme
D
Secretory IgA
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 171 of 180
A female client enters the clinic and insists on being seen. She is weak, nervous, and reports a racing heart beat and recent weight loss of 15 pounds. After ruling out substance withdrawal, the healthcare provider suspects hyperthyroidism and admits her for further testing. Which action should the nurse implement?
A
Begin preparing client for thyroidectomy procedure
B
Space the client's care to provide periods of rest
C
Assess the client for hyperactive bowel sounds
D
Provide warm blankets to prevent heat loss
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 172 of 180
A client's telemetry monitor indicates ventricular fibrillation (VF). After delivering one counter shock, the nurse resumes chest compression. After another minute of compressions, the client's rhythm converts to supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) on the monitor. At this point, what is the priority intervention for the nurse?
A
Prepare for transcutaneous pacing
B
Deliver another defibrillator shock
C
Administer IV Epinephrine per ACLS protocol
D
Give IV dose of adenosine rapidly over 1-2 seconds
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 173 of 180
Croup:
A
Is a disease
B
Is commonly caused by parainfluenza viruses
C
Most cases are managed with nebulised adrenaline
D
Inhaled steroids are reported to be of benefit
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 174 of 180
An older female client with long term type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is seen in the clinic for a routine health assessment. To determine if the client is experiencing any long-term complication of DM, which assessments should the nurse obtain?
A
Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
B
Sensation in feet and legs
C
Skin condition of lower extremities
D
Visual acuity
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 175 of 180
In common variable immunodeficiency (CVID):
A
B cells are totally absent
B
There is increased incidence of autoimmune disorders in families of affected members
C
IgA levels are characteristically normal
D
T lymphocytes are usually affected
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 176 of 180
Regarding body iron stores:
A
Serum ferritin is a poor guide to iron stores
B
A healthy young man will have more iron stored as ferritin than in the circulating red cell mass
C
Iron is the stimulant for ferritin production
D
In iron deficiency, stores of haemosiderin are mobilised before ferritin
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 177 of 180
The nurse is finishing her shift on the pediatric unit. Because her shift is ending, which intervention takes top priority?
A
Changing the linens on the clients’ beds
B
Restocking the bedside supplies needed for a dressing change on the upcoming shift
C
Documenting the care provided during her shift
D
Emptying the trash cans in the assigned client room
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 178 of 180
Which food is most important for the nurse to encourage a male client with osteomalacia to include in his daily diet?
A
Fortified milk and cereals
B
Lean red meat and poultry
C
Fresh fruits and vegetables
D
Whole grains and legumes
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 179 of 180
Cytosolic glycogen accumulation does not occur in
A
Pompe disease
B
Mc Ardle's disease
C
Phosphofructokinase deficiency
D
Phosphoglycerate kinase deficiency
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HESI LPN · LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions
Question 180 of 180
A 12-year-old child whose weight and body mass index (BMI) are in the 75th percentile has a diastolic blood pressure that is between the 95th and 99th percentiles for age, sex, and height on three separate occasions. Which test will be prescribed for this child initially?
A
complete blood count
B
erythrocyte sedimentation rate
C
urinalysis and electrolytes
D
renal function
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