LPN Endocrine Pharmacology Quizlet

HESI LPN · LPN Endocrine Pharmacology Quizlet

Question 1 of 88

Sildenafil:

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HESI LPN · LPN Endocrine Pharmacology Quizlet

Question 2 of 88

A 16-year-old girl with primary dysmenorrhea, abnormal menses, and pelvic pain presents to her primary care physician for treatment. She has a history of asthma and allergic rhinitis. Her physician begins therapy with oral estradiol. Which of the following is the most common adverse effect for this patient to be aware of?

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Question 3 of 88

Which of the following is a pressor peptide that can be generated both in circulation as well as locally in certain tissues?

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Question 4 of 88

Effects of iodide salts given in large doses do not include

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Question 5 of 88

Menotropins is a preparation of

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Question 6 of 88

Which of the following drugs has potent antiandrogenic and weak progestational activity?

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Question 7 of 88

A 34-year-old man presents to his primary care physician because of an enlarging jaw and hands over the past 6 months. He has noticed enlargement of most his facial features, including his jaw, forehead, nose, and tongue. His hands have gotten bigger as well. He is diagnosed with acromegaly. What is the most appropriate treatment for this patient?

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Question 8 of 88

A 57-year-old man with Type-2 diabetes presents to the primary care clinic for follow-up. He has been taking metformin and has had good control of his sugars. He denies any hypoglycemic episodes or peripheral neuropathy. His hemoglobin \A_{1c is 8.3%, which is increased from 7.9% previously. The physician decides to add miglitol to his regimen. What is the mechanism of action of miglitol?

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Question 9 of 88

Which of the following effects most likely occurred after a few days of therapy with a testosterone patch for adult-onset hypogonadism?

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Question 10 of 88

A 56-year-old man with Type-2 diabetes mellitus managed with acarbose presents to his primary care physician for a follow-up evaluation. His most recent laboratory studies indicate normal serum glucose levels and low serum amylase. What is the most likely explanation for this finding?

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Question 11 of 88

Insulin preparations that contain a modifying protein include I. Lente insulin II. Regular insulin III. Isophane insulin (NPH)

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Question 12 of 88

A 43-year-old man with a history of low libido and erectile dysfunction presents to his primary care physician for treatment. Physical examination reveals normal testicular size. Serum testosterone is 200mg\dL. He is on treatment with testosterone 1% gel. Which of the following adverse effects is possible as a result of this preparation?

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Question 13 of 88

Potassium iodide

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Question 14 of 88

Hypercoagulability and dermal vascular necrosis due to protein C deficiency is known to be an early-appearing adverse effect of treatment with

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Question 15 of 88

A patient presents with rhabdomyolysis and depletion of 2-3-diphosphoglycerate. A common complication of high levels of the molecule being affected in this patient would be:

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Question 16 of 88

When initiating thyroxine therapy for an elderly patient with long-standing hypothyroidism, it is important to begin with small doses to avoid

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Question 17 of 88

Regarding the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones, if a novel medication was developed to block the proteolytic release of hormones, this medication would act at which of the following sites?

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Question 18 of 88

Adaptive neurophysiological changes produced by repeated administration of a drug, which result in the appearance of characteristic withdrawal syndrome on discontinuation of the drug is called

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Question 19 of 88

Which of the following classes of compounds stimulates the release of insulin from pancreatic beta-cells?

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Question 20 of 88

The principle source of circulating estrogen in menstruating women is

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Question 21 of 88

Which class of drug closely relates to: 'Peptic ulceration and gastrointestinal hemorrhage; hyperglycemia, hypertension, and edema; 'buffalo hump' and 'moon face'; psychological disturbances; and increased susceptibility to infection?'

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Question 22 of 88

A 27-year-old woman with amenorrhea, infertility, and galactorrhea was treated with a drug that successful restored ovulation and menstruation. Before being given the drug, the woman was carefully questioned about previous mental health problems, which she did not have. She was advised to take the drug orally. The drug used to treat this patient was probably.

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Question 23 of 88

A 34-year-old man who is obese has been unable to lose weight by diet management and exercise. He also has hypertension and prediabetes. His physician prescribes orlistat to cut down on the amount of calories he takes in. Which of the following describes the mechanism of orlistat?

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HESI LPN · LPN Endocrine Pharmacology Quizlet

Question 24 of 88

For therapeutic use, growth hormone is obtained from

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Question 25 of 88

A mineralocorticoid used to treat adrenal insufficiency

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Question 26 of 88

Which of the following drugs would be appropriate to include in the therapeutic management of this patient?

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Question 27 of 88

The inhibition of pituitary thyrotropin secretion is controlled by which of the following?

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Question 28 of 88

A 21-year-old woman plans to spend a semester high in the Andes. She shares a concern with her doctor about the elevation because 1 year ago, she went on a ski trip to Colorado and developed altitude sickness. Her doctor prescribes a diuretic that can help her if she begins to have symptoms of altitude sickness. Which diuretic did her doctor likely prescribe?

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Question 29 of 88

Which of the following signaling pathways likely mediates the therapeutic efficacy of oxytocin during labor induction?

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Question 30 of 88

A 46-year-old man with hypertension presents to his primary care physician for follow-up. He has a good blood pressure control as evidenced by normal levels on his home blood pressure machine. He currently takes hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the following laboratory studies should be undertaken in this patient?

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Question 31 of 88

A 43-year-old woman with Type-2 diabetes has been taking insulin with meals as well as metformin. Her blood glucose remains poorly controlled. Her doctor prescribes an additional drug, which is an analog of an endogenous peptide that enhances insulin secretion. What drug is this?

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Question 32 of 88

A 55-year-old man presents to his primary care physician to follow up on his hyperlipidemia medication. Lab work suggests that his total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, and HDL are all within normal limits because of the lovastatin he began taking 2 months ago. He has not visited the office since being prescribed this medication. Which of the following lab tests should be obtained at the present office visit?

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Question 33 of 88

A 44-year-old woman with a long history of diarrhea, sweating, and weight loss is thought to have hyperthyroidism. This condition can be worsened with which of the following treatments?

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Question 34 of 88

Which of the following drugs would be appropriate for this patient while waiting for radiotherapy to work?

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Question 35 of 88

Which of the following cell elements represent the main site of therapeutic action of levothyroxine?

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Question 36 of 88

A 78-year-old postmenopausal woman has been steadily losing weight over the past 6 months. She has no family history of breast or endometrial cancer. Which steroid hormone could she be given to increase her appetite?

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Question 37 of 88

A 56-year-old male with insulin-dependent diabetes and with poorly controlled blood sugar is on regular insulin. His primary care physician adds pramlintide in an effort to further reduce his blood sugar levels. An important condition to rule out in this patient would be which of the following?

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Question 38 of 88

Which of the following drugs would be most appropriate for postcoital contraception in this patient?

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Question 39 of 88

A 57-year-old man with a 40 pack-year history of smoking develops small cell lung cancer. His serum sodium is 121mEq\L and his urine has a specific gravity of 1.030 . Which of the following is a tetracycline antibiotic that can also be used in the treatment of SIADH?

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Question 40 of 88

A 29-year-old man with a family history of heart disease comes to your office for a routine checkup. A lipid profile on a blood draw reveals high LDL and low HDL. One way to decrease the amount of LDL in the blood is to hinder intestinal absorption of cholesterol. Which of the following drugs blocks brush border enzymes to inhibit intestinal absorption of cholesterol?

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Question 41 of 88

Chronic administration of corticosteroids (iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome) results in all the following except:

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Question 42 of 88

Bromocriptine:

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Question 43 of 88

Five patients with sexual dysfunction present to their primary care physician for evaluation and treatment. Which of the following would most likely benefit from treatment with this medication yohimbine?

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Question 44 of 88

A 17-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician with polydipsia and polyuria. She is found to have high amounts of amino acids, phosphates, bicarbonate, and glucose in her urine. She reports that after complaining to a friend about her acne, her friend gave her some old acne medication that she had in her medicine cabinet. Which medication did she likely use?

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Question 45 of 88

A 67-year-old woman with diabetes presents to clinic for an annual visit. She has been doing well over the past, and her hemoglobin \A_{1c is 6.9%. Her fasting cholesterol showed a total cholesterol of 152mg\dL, LDL of 68mg\dL, and HDL of 31mg\dL. Which medication is shown to have the greatest increase in HDL?

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Question 46 of 88

A girl presents with delayed puberty, absent secondary sexual characteristics, and primary amenorrhea. She also appears to be hypertensive and hypokalemia. Which of the following enzymes is increased if there is virilization of a person?

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Question 47 of 88

What is the average replacement dose of levothyroxine for an otherwise healthy adult?

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Question 48 of 88

Which of the following drugs is least likely to be used as part of a controlled ovarian hyperstimulation protocol?

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Question 49 of 88

Carbimazole:(Select one tha does not apply)

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Question 50 of 88

A son brings his 72-year-old father into his scheduled follow-up after being placed on a new pharmacotherapy for his chronic hypertension. The patient also suffers from renal failure, and his son is his primary caretaker. Although the patient was on the maximum dose of hydralazine in addition to an ACE inhibitor and diuretic, the therapy has not effectively managing his severe hypertension. If the doctor replaces the hydralazine in the patient's drug regime, what medication is most likely to be chosen as a replacement?

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Question 51 of 88

Sulphonylureas:

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Question 52 of 88

All of the following hormonal drugs possess a steroidal nucleus except

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Question 53 of 88

Which of the following insulins can be administered intravenously?

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Question 54 of 88

Which of the following drugs is an antiprogestin

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Question 55 of 88

Which of the following drugs is taken during the first part of a meal for the purpose of delaying the absorption of dietary carbohydrates?

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Question 56 of 88

An immunologically mediated reaction to a drug producing stereotyped symptoms unrelated to its pharmacodynamic actions is

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Question 57 of 88

There is reliable evidence that giving oestrogen for several years starting at the menopause to a woman with an intact uterus:(Select one tha does not apply)

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Question 58 of 88

What is the correct formula to use for calculating the free thyroxine index (FTI)?

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Question 59 of 88

Which of the following was most likely the primary goal for restarting prednisone treatment in this patient?

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Question 60 of 88

Which of the following signs and symptoms most likely occurred in this patient after the inappropriate increase of the drug dose?

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Question 61 of 88

Bone resorption is accelerated by

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Question 62 of 88

A patient presents with lethargy, tiredness, cold intolerance, dryness of skin and hair, hoarsness of voice and weight gain. He also has psychosis and his heart rate appears to be lower than normal. Which of the following is not associated with the presenting symptoms?

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Question 63 of 88

The purpose/purposes served by the progestin component of the combined estrogen + progestin contraceptive pill is/are

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Question 64 of 88

A 44-year-old man with Type-2 diabetes presents to the ambulatory care clinic for follow-up. He was diagnosed with diabetes 6 months ago and was started on oral medication then. His blood sugar has been under good control with a hemoglobin \A_{1c of 6.7%. He has not had any hypoglycemic episodes. His only complaint is that despite daily exercise and eating healthier, he has gained 12lb in the last 6 months. What medication is most likely to cause his weight gain?

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Question 65 of 88

All of the following substances are endogenous tropic hormones secreted by the pituitary gland except

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Question 66 of 88

Antithyroid drugs exert the following action.

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Question 67 of 88

In a thyroid crisis with hyperpyrexia, tachycardia, vomiting, dehydration and shock the following are usually indicated except:

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Question 68 of 88

The vitamin that is regarded to be a hormone is

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Question 69 of 88

A 48-year-old female who is obese with elevated cholesterol is treated with fenofibrate for elevated cholesterol levels. She complains of acute onset of right upper quadrant pain, nausea, and vomiting after eating a fatty meal. She is brought to the emergency department for further evaluation. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for these findings?

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Question 70 of 88

A 63-year-old woman falls at home and fractures her wrist. She has a 40 pack-year history of smoking. Her doctor recommends a DXA scan, which reveals a very low bone density and prescribes alendronate. How will alendronate help this patient?

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Question 71 of 88

select the odd one: Disodium etidronate is used:

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Question 72 of 88

On stoppage of the combined estrogen-progestin contraceptive pill, fertility returns after

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Question 73 of 88

An 18-year-old male high school baseball player is interested in improving his hitting ability. He receives twice weekly injections of anabolic steroids. Over the next year, which of the following effects would be likely observed in this patient?

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Question 74 of 88

A 76-year-old man with a history of falls, hypertension, and kidney stones presents to his primary care physician for follow-up. His blood pressure is 140 / 100~mmHg. He is placed on hydrochlorothiazide. This agent may be helpful in prevention of renal stones through which of the following mechanisms?

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Question 75 of 88

The primary mechanism of action of the combined estrogen-progestin oral contraceptive pill is

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Question 76 of 88

Glucose entry into the cells of the following organ/tissue is highly dependent on the presence of insulin.

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Question 77 of 88

Which of the following actions most likely mediated the therapeutic efficacy of calcitriol in a patient with diffuse demineralization of bone?

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Question 78 of 88

A young man presents with a blood pressure of 175 /110mmHg. He is found to have a high circulating aldosterone but a low circulating cortisol. Glucocorticoid treatment lowers his circulating aldosterone and lowers his blood pressure to 140 /85mm Hg. He probably has an abnormal

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Question 79 of 88

A 67-year-old man injures his shoulder in an ATV accident. Over-the-counter ibuprofen is unable to control the pain satisfactorily. The patient asks about glucocorticoid injections, so his doctor begins to explain the myriad effects of glucocorticoids in the body. Which of the following glucocorticoid actions would be most desirable in this patient?

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Question 80 of 88

A 34-year-old man with a history of thyroid problems is brought to the emergency department with tachycardia, chest pressure, and sweating. He is thought to have thyroid storm. Which of the following treatment strategies is important in the management of this patient?

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Question 81 of 88

A 62-year-old man has developed worsening hypertension in spite of therapy. His physician wants to prescribe an additional medication that will dilate his blood vessels to help lower his blood pressure. Which of the following is a calcium channel blocker that affects vascular smooth muscle and cardiac muscle equally well?

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Question 82 of 88

Oral corticosteroid (e.g. prednisolone) therapy is indicated in all the following EXCEPT:

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Question 83 of 88

Metabolic rate of the following organ is not significantly affected by thyroxine

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Question 84 of 88

A 42-year-old man is a habitual coffee drinker of caffeinated products. Chronic use of this product has led to his addiction. What is the most likely mechanism of action of caffeine?

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Question 85 of 88

Which of the following drugs would be appropriate for the treatment of acute iridocyclitis in a patient with eye pain and vision issues?

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Question 86 of 88

A 44-year-old black man is brought to the emergency department by a friend with 6~h of worsening lethargy and confusion. Past medical history is significant for easy bruising, 3 months of bone pain, and frequent pneumococcal infections. Labs were ordered, revealing a serum calcium of 17mg\dL (normal: 9 to 10.5 \mg\dL ). Which of the following may be used to rapidly lower his serum calcium?

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Question 87 of 88

A patient presents with tiredness, weakness, anorexia, apathy, abdominal pain, hyperpigmentation and postural hypertension. Upon infection he appears to be in cardiogenic shock and his blood volume is depleted. His sodium levels are low, potassium levels are high. Which of the following would also be elevated?

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Question 88 of 88

A 22-year-old woman is using a vaginal ring as a contraceptive agent. She has no other medical problems. She is concerned about device failure and becoming pregnant. What is the most likely reason for this failure to occur?

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