LPN Endocrine Pharmacology Quiz

HESI LPN · LPN Endocrine Pharmacology Quiz

Question 1 of 87

A patient presents with a tumor of the adrenal gland. It is determined that the levels of reninangiotensin is low. Which of the following would lead to increased renin-angiotensin levels?

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Question 2 of 87

Which of the following is an orally active ovulation inducing agent?

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Question 3 of 87

A 78-year-old woman who is still an active tennis player has osteoporosis. She has been treated with calcium supplementation and now begins therapy with teriparatide. This unique agent is a recombinant segment of which of the following hormones?

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Question 4 of 87

In which of the following clinical presentations should the sensitive TSH assay be used?

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Question 5 of 87

A 67-year-old man injures his shoulder in an ATV accident. Over-the-counter and prescription ibuprofen are unable to control the pain and swelling satisfactorily. The patient asks about glucocorticoid injections, so his doctor begins to explain the myriad effects of glucocorticoids in the body. How might glucocorticoids help this patient?

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Question 6 of 87

A 49-year-old woman with a history of hypertension is treated with spironolactone. She has good blood pressure control and in the last 6 months has shown an improvement in her hirsutism. What is the most likely explanation for these findings?

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Question 7 of 87

An important difference between leuprolide and the new drug ganirelix is that ganirelix

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Question 8 of 87

Which of the following glucocorticoids produces the least sodium retention?

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Question 9 of 87

A 48-year-old postmenopausal woman undergoes a hysterectomy prophylactically because of a strong family history of endometrial cancer. After her procedure, she complained of difficulty moving her bowels. Physical exam revealed decreased bowel sounds in all four quadrants. A white blood cell count showed 9,000 cells per microliter. The physician gives her a drug to stimulate her intestines until normal function resumes. Which of the following is most likely the drug given?

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Question 10 of 87

A 42-year-old woman requires treatment for diabetes insipidus following surgical removal of part of her pituitary gland. The advantage of treating this patient with desmopressin instead of vasopressin is that desmopressin

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Question 11 of 87

A 23-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician with an enlarging neck mass and weight loss. The large mass is seen in the midline of the neck. She has lost 15lb over the past month, feels like her heart is racing, and is always hot. The patient is diagnosed with Graves' disease and started on propylthiouracil. Which of the following is a side effect of propylthiouracil?

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Question 12 of 87

A 39-year-old man with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is brought to the emergency department after collapsing in a shopping mall. His blood sugar is 589mg\dL. Which of the following preparations would have the least minimal effect on his blood sugar levels?

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Question 13 of 87

A 75-year-old man with metastatic prostate cancer is placed on leuprolide administered monthly in an intramuscular injection. This agent will act at which of the following areas on the succeeding diagram?

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Question 14 of 87

Which of the following would be the most appropriate pharmacotherapy for a patient with vitamin D deficiency due to inadequate intake?

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Question 15 of 87

Which of the following hormones has the shortest plasma half- life?

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Question 16 of 87

Gynaecomastia can be treated with

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Question 17 of 87

A 72-year-old man with congestive heart failure is hospitalized because of worsening pulmonary and peripheral edema. He is given intravenous furosemide. This agent will likely improve hemodynamics in which of the following ways?

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Question 18 of 87

A 43-year-old man with dyslipidemia comes to the clinic for a routine checkup. He currently takes atorvastatin but is not achieving his target lipid profile. The physician prescribes colesevelam to help. Which of the following changes is expected as a result of this new therapy?

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Question 19 of 87

Which of the following changes in the patient's blood cell concentration most likely occurred as a result of her therapy?

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Question 20 of 87

Which hormone is secreted by pancreatic ÃƒÅ½Ã‚Â² cells to facilitate glucose and amino acid transport for normal cellular metabolic processes?

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Question 21 of 87

A 43-year-old woman with Type-2 diabetes has been taking insulin with meals as well as metformin. Her blood glucose remains poorly controlled. Her doctor prescribes an additional drug, which is an analog of an endogenous peptide that inhibits glucagon secretion. What is the most likely medication this patient is taking?

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Question 22 of 87

A 28-year-old man who is obese is found to have a hemoglobin \A_{1c of 9.5%. He has been unable to adequately control his blood sugar with diet and exercise alone. His physician wishes to prescribe an insulin product to help control his blood sugar level. Which of the following is the longest acting to provide this patient a low, baseline insulin dose that will last throughout the day?

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Question 23 of 87

The most suitable Vitamin D preparation for vitamin D dependent rickets is

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Question 24 of 87

The drug of choice for hypoparathyroidism is

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Question 25 of 87

Angiotensin II causes rise in blood pressure by

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Question 26 of 87

Inhibition of which of the following enzymes most likely mediated the therapeutic effect of the drug in the patient's disease?

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Question 27 of 87

Which of the following is true of anabolic steroids?

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Question 28 of 87

A patient presents with polyuria and thirst. There appears to be no elevation of glucose in the body, however, the serum osmolality appears to be low. Upon performing the water deprivation test, the osmolatity is still low. Which of the following is true?

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Question 29 of 87

Concurrent use of the following drug is likely to cause failure of oral contraception

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Question 30 of 87

all are true except: In young, insulin-dependent diabetic (type 1 diabetic) patients:

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Question 31 of 87

All of the following substances are endogenous topic hormones secreted by the pituitary gland except

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Question 32 of 87

Somatostatin inhibits the release of

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Question 33 of 87

A 32-year-old woman with endometriosis of the uterus, pelvic sidewall, and bladder has chronic unrelenting pelvic pain. She is prescribed with danazol. Over the next few weeks, she experiences a 40% improvement in her symptoms. What physiologic changes are likely to be found in this patient as a result of this medication?

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Question 34 of 87

A 29-year-old man with a family history of heart disease presents to his primary care physician for a routine checkup. A lipid profile on a blood draw reveals high LDL and low HDL. One way to decrease the amount of LDL in the blood is to hinder the liver's ability for de novo cholesterol synthesis. Which of the following drugs blocks de novo cholesterol synthesis in hepatocytes?

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Question 35 of 87

Which of the following preparations is used to attain remission of thyrotoxicosis?

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Question 36 of 87

A glucocorticoid devoid of salt-retaining activity

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Question 37 of 87

Which of the following events best explains the patient's syndrome of weakness, paresthesias, constipation, and low potassium level in Addison disease?

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Question 38 of 87

A 41-year-old man with end-stage HIV disease has lost approximately 50lb from his baseline weight of 160lb. He now weighs in the fifth percentile for his age group. He is given dronabinol to achieve a change in this area. The most plausible mechanism of action for this medication is

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Question 39 of 87

A 57-year-old man with hyperlipidemia presents to the emergency department with severe pain in his first right toe. The pain is a 10 /10 and worse with any contact. The toe is erythematous, inflamed, and warm to touch. Joint aspiration confirms gout. He had an episode of gout about 10 years ago. What medication used to treat his hyperlipidemia may have led to his gout flare?

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Question 40 of 87

Which of the following pairs of preparations has been studied for bioequivalence?

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Question 41 of 87

The most common and important undesirable effect of injectable contraceptive depot medroxyprogesterone acetate is

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Question 42 of 87

A 23-year-old healthy man receives an infusion of 100~mL of glucose solution. Which of the following curves would represent his plasma insulin concentration at 2~min after infusion?

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Question 43 of 87

A 56-year-old woman with diabetes who takes metformin is scheduled to undergo a CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast. Her last dose of metformin was this morning. She presents to the imaging center ready for the test. When she tells the technician that she takes metformin, her CT scan is cancelled despite her serum creatinine being 1mg\dL. What is the reason for cancellation of the test?

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Question 44 of 87

All of the following conditions are causes of hypothyroidism except

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Question 45 of 87

Which of the following drugs would be most appropriate for the boy diagnosed with Laron dwarfism?

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Question 46 of 87

A 26-year-old woman came to her physician complaining of hyperpigmentation of her face. Physical examination revealed a poorly defined, blotchy, masklike zone of facial pigmentation with almost equal involvement of her cheeks, temples, and forehead. Skin biopsy showed increased melanin pigment in basal layers. The woman had been taking a hormonal contraceptive for 6 years. She was a long-distance runner and admitted the use of oxandrolone, erythropoietin, and methamphetamine while training. Which of the following drugs most likely caused the hyperpigmentation in this woman?

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Question 47 of 87

A 58-year-old man with depression who takes a monoamine oxidase inhibitor has a love for aged cheese and wine. His depression is well controlled in this regimen. He must be alert to which of the following significant events?

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Question 48 of 87

A 62-year-old female with diabetes presents to her primary care physician for follow-up. She takes pioglitazone daily and her blood sugar ranges approximately from 100 to 180mg\dL. Which of the following indicators would likely have minimal or no change from baseline values with this therapy?

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Question 49 of 87

Adverse effects associated with the combined oral contraceptive include:

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Question 50 of 87

A 54-year-old man with elevated cholesterol levels is treated with niacin. Within 2 weeks of starting therapy, he develops an uncomfortable feeling of warmth and itchiness. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in the management of this patient?

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Question 51 of 87

Ergometrine stops post partum haemorrhage by

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Question 52 of 87

For patients who have been on long-term therapy with a glucocorticoid and who now wish to discontinue the drug, gradual tapering of the glucocorticoid is needed to allow recovery of

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Question 53 of 87

A 20-year-old woman becomes pregnant out of wedlock and wants to terminate the pregnancy with an oral abortifacient. The use of mifepristone (RU-486) as an oral abortifacient is based on which of the following characteristics?

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Question 54 of 87

A young married couple complains of being unable to conceive after 9 months of unprotected sex. The wife has normal TSH and FSH levels and a normal pelvic exam. They agree to a trial of letrozole to see if they can increase their fecundity. How does letrozole work?

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Question 55 of 87

The preferred estrogen for hormone replacement therapy in menopausal women is

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Question 56 of 87

A 45-year-old man has high serum LDL and low serum HDL. He presents to his primary care physician for treatment guidance. In addition to exercise and diet modification, which of the following agents would provide him with the most efficacious improvement of serum LDL and HDL levels?

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Question 57 of 87

Anabolic steroids are contraindicated in

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Question 58 of 87

Which of the following tissues is most sensitive to oxytocin.

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Question 59 of 87

Which of the following drugs would be most appropriate to decrease the patient's symptoms before surgery for uterine fibroids?

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Question 60 of 87

Mifepristone possesses the following activities

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Question 61 of 87

A 54-year-old obese patient with type 2 diabetes and a history of alcoholism probably should not receive metformin because it can increase his risk of

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Question 62 of 87

Which class of drug closely relates to: 'Agranulocytosis and other blood dyscrasias, cholestatic jaundice, nausea and vomiting, hypoglycemia and photosensitivity'?

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Question 63 of 87

The secretion of which of the following would be least affected by a decrease in extracellular fluid volume?

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Question 64 of 87

In the treatment of hyperthyroidism, carbimazole has the following advantage over radioactive iodine.

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Question 65 of 87

A week-old newborn male presents to clinic for a routine checkup. His birth history and delivery were uncomplicated. He is being breastfed and has had no difficulty feeding. The parents are concerned because he does not seem to have male genital characteristics. Physical examination reveals female external genitalia seen without a scrotum or descended testicles. What androgen is the patient lacking that is the cause of his condition?

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Question 66 of 87

A patient presents with a bump on his neck. Upon taking a tissue sample, there appears to be parafollicular cells. The tumor is also associated with MEN II, although most of the time it is sporadic. What is the best way to moniter treatment?

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Question 67 of 87

Symptoms of hypothyroidism (myxedema) do not include

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Question 68 of 87

Regarding the normal function of triiodothyronine and thyroxine in a 19-year-old female who has just finished menses, which of the following statements is true?

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Question 69 of 87

A 37-year-old man is found to have hypercholesterolemia during a routine checkup. The physician prescribes lovastatin and counsels the patient to make healthy dietary and lifestyle changes to keep his cholesterol under control. Two months later, he returns for a follow-up visit, and the physician discovers his LDL level remains virtually unchanged. He insists that he is taking the medication exactly as prescribed. The physician knows lovastatin is metabolized by the cytochrome P450 3A4. What else may he be using that would explain his condition?

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Question 70 of 87

Which of the following compounds is incorrectly matched with one of its therapeutic uses?

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Question 71 of 87

Finasteride acts by

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Question 72 of 87

A 52-year-old man is prescribed with furosemide by his physician to help treat his hypertension. His physician further advises him to avoid NSAIDs for pain because they may antagonize the effects of furosemide. Which of the following describes how NSAIDs may interfere with the effects of furosemide?

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Question 73 of 87

A diagram of the menstrual cycle in a 19-year-old woman who complains of dysmenorrhea is shown as follows. Which of the following points represents the highest level of estradiol?

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Question 74 of 87

A young woman seeks advice because she had unprotected sexual intercourse 12 hours earlier. Based on her menstrual cycle, she believes that conception is possible. Which of the following drugs should she use as a postcoital contraceptive?

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Question 75 of 87

Which adverse effect would be expected during therapy with leuprolide for a woman with endometriosis?

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Question 76 of 87

A 27-year-old woman presents to clinic with infertility over the past 2 years. Her husband had a normal sperm analysis. She has also had weight gain and increased facial hair. Her labs show an increase in both her LH and FSH, with a ratio of LH:FSH of 2:1. What is the most appropriate medication to help her with her infertility?

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Question 77 of 87

An 18-year-old female with diabetes presents to the clinic for her annual visit. Over the past year, she has experienced daily nausea and occasional vomiting. She has learned that eating small amounts of food at a time helps to decrease the frequency of vomiting. She is diagnosed with diabetic gastroparesis and started on metoclopramide. What is a side effect of metoclopramide?

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Question 78 of 87

The following may help alleviate symptoms associated with prostatic hyperplasia EXCEPT:

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Question 79 of 87

What patient population should be screened for thyroid disease?

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Question 80 of 87

The following may cause hypercalcaemia:

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Question 81 of 87

Which of the following drugs should be included in the therapeutic management of this patient?

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Question 82 of 87

Carbimazole acts by inhibiting

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Question 83 of 87

The essential feature in drug addiction is

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Question 84 of 87

Which of the following drugs should be administered first to control hormone-related effects that could be rapidly lethal in this patient?

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Question 85 of 87

Which of the following is an idiosyncratic adverse drug reaction?

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Question 86 of 87

Which of the following are incorrectly paired?

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Question 87 of 87

A 76-year-old man presents to the clinic for follow-up of his benign prostatic hyperplasia. He has been doing well with his symptoms since starting finasteride. He no longer has as much difficulty starting his stream and feels that he empties his bladder completely. What is the mechanism of action of finasteride?

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