HESI LPN · HESI Basic Principles of Pharmacology Quizlet
Question 1 of 115
All drugs continue to act in the body until they are changed or excreted. The ability of the body to excrete drugs via the renal system would be increased by:
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Question 2 of 115
Sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic neurons are cholinergic. What neurotransmitter do they release at the synapse in the ganglion?
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Question 3 of 115
Where would the procedures and treatments directed by the healthcare provider be found?
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Question 4 of 115
When a drug has affinity for a receptor and produces no effect, it is called a(n)
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Question 5 of 115
Which of the following conditions most likely delayed the oral absorption of acetaminophen in the patient who took a large dose in aqueous solution?
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Question 6 of 115
The point in time on the drug concentration curve that indicates the first sign of a therapeutic effect is the:
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Question 7 of 115
The nurse is explaining drug action to a nursing student. Which statement made by the nurse is correct?
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Question 8 of 115
Up-regulation or hypersensitization may lead to:
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Question 9 of 115
Class I antiarrhythmic drugs are
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Question 10 of 115
A nurse understands that a particular agent causes a reduction in blood pressure by blocking receptor sites. The nurse recognizes that this is an example of which drug information?
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Question 11 of 115
Which of the following drugs has the largest volume of distribution?
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Question 12 of 115
Which drug is formulated to be absorbed through the skin? Select all that apply.
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Question 13 of 115
Which route of drug administration is most likely to lead to the bypassing of the First-pass effect?
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Question 14 of 115
What is the primary action of digoxin in heart failure?
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Question 15 of 115
The nurse will be administering an antitussive medication containing codeine to a patient. What is the priority assessment?
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Question 16 of 115
A patient hospitalized with a fractured femur after an automobile accident develops nausea and vomiting, abdominal cramps, and restlessness. The nurse suspects that the patient is experiencing which reaction?
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Question 17 of 115
What would be an advantage for a dentist to call the pharmacy with a prescription for Tylenol #3 rather than hydrocodone for a patient who calls late at night requesting medication for pain following root canal therapy?
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Question 18 of 115
Which of the following statements about the major distribution barriers (blood-brain or fetal-placental) is true?
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Question 19 of 115
Which anti-gout drug works by metabolizing uric acid to the more soluble allantoin?
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Question 20 of 115
A client is experiencing a cough associated with an upper respiratory infection. Which oral medication will likely produce the quickest therapeutic effect?
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Question 21 of 115
What percentage of the drug valproic acid is most likely lipid soluble in the patient's duodenal lumen?
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Question 22 of 115
The nurse is interviewing a patient in a Phase I clinical trial. Which patient statement indicates an understanding of this trial phase?
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Question 23 of 115
All these antihypertensive drugs are safe in pregnancy, except which?
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Question 24 of 115
The nurse is administering oral medications to a patient. Which are important considerations? (Select all that apply.)
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Question 25 of 115
Consumer safety became an important issue during the latter part of the twentieth century because of the
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Question 26 of 115
Which medication order requires nursing judgment and means 'administer if needed'?
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Question 27 of 115
A new drug was tested in an in vitro system. It was found that only one enantiomer of the racemic pair bound substantially to a specific receptor, whereas the other enantiomer showed negligible binding. Which of the following terms best defines this property?
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Question 28 of 115
When developing an effective medication teaching plan, which component will the nurse identify as most essential?
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Question 29 of 115
Medroxyprogesterone (Depo Provera) is prescribed IM to create a storage reservoir of the drug. Storage reservoirs:
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Question 30 of 115
An investigational new drug application (INDA) is submitted
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Question 31 of 115
Drugs with a very large volume of distribution (Vd) would be confined to
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Question 32 of 115
Which of the following drugs works on LPL and EL with a decrease in TG, LDL, and HDL without affecting LDL-R?
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Question 33 of 115
An advantage of prescribing a sublingual medication is that the medication is:
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Question 34 of 115
Which of the following adverse drug reactions best explains the patient's disorder?
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Question 35 of 115
Ezetimibe inhibits the absorption of cholesterol in the:
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Question 36 of 115
An older patient has just started on hydrochlorothiazide and is advised by the health care provider to eat foods rich in potassium. What is the nurse’s best recommendation of foods to consume?
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Question 37 of 115
An agonist activates a receptor and stimulates a response. When given frequently over time the body may:
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Question 38 of 115
The concentration of active ingredients in a drug preparation
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Question 39 of 115
A nurse is teaching a class for clients about over-the-counter (OTC) medications. The nurse determines that education has been effective when the clients make which of the below statements?
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Question 40 of 115
Bio-transformation of drugs takes place mainly in the
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Question 41 of 115
A good safeguard in preventing forgery of prescriptions is to photocopy all prescriptions leaving the office.
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Question 42 of 115
Which of these antiviral drugs works by targeting NS5A?
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Question 43 of 115
A client is taking a medication that is metabolized by the CYP enzymes. Which medication inhibits several of the CYP enzymes?
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Question 44 of 115
Metabolic transformation of a drug usually results in:
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Question 45 of 115
Codeine is an example of a(n) as the cytochrome P450 system metabolizes the drug to facilitate receptor affinity.
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Question 46 of 115
Jack is a 65-year-old man who presents to his physician for management of hyperlipidemia. His most recent lipid panel reveals an LDL cholesterol level of 165 mg/dL. His physician wishes to begin treatment to lower his LDL cholesterol levels. Which of the following therapies is the best option to lower Jack's LDL cholesterol levels?
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Question 47 of 115
Which of the following terms best defines a beta-blocker that binds reversibly to beta receptors?
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HESI LPN · HESI Basic Principles of Pharmacology Quizlet
Question 48 of 115
Which of the following can effect drug absorption into the body?
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HESI LPN · HESI Basic Principles of Pharmacology Quizlet
Question 49 of 115
A patient’s nutritional intake and lab work reflects hypoalbuminemia. This is critical to prescribing because:
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Question 50 of 115
Which of the following enzymes breaks down the immunosuppressant medicine, mercaptopurine?
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Question 51 of 115
Which of the curves best depicts the log dose-response curve of that agonist when a xed dose of a competitive α antagonist is given concomitantly?
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Question 52 of 115
Which lab test(s) would be used to assess liver and/or renal function before administering medications?
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Question 53 of 115
A nurse is instructing a pregnant patient concerning the potential risk to her fetus from a Pregnancy Category B drug. What would the nurse inform the patient?
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Question 54 of 115
Which of the following factors regulates the relationship between drug concentration and drug-receptor complex formation?
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Question 55 of 115
Drugs of this antilipidemic class may cause in a few patients rhabdomyolysis and myoglobinuria:
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Question 56 of 115
A 42-year-old man who was started on niacin sustained-release tablets 2 weeks ago for elevated triglycerides and low HDL levels. He is complaining of an uncomfortable flushing and itchy feeling that he thinks is related to the niacin. Which of the following options can help him manage this adverse effect of niacin therapy?
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Question 57 of 115
Which of the following features best explains why formulation W produces the largest plasma concentration-time curve of the drug?
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Question 58 of 115
Niacin is contraindicated in patients with:
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Question 59 of 115
The nurse discovers that a patient has recently decided to take four herbal preparations. Which action will the nurse take first?
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Question 60 of 115
An LPN enters a patient's room to give a scheduled drug. Before administration, the patient states, 'I can't take that drug; I'm allergic to it.' What should the nurse do first?
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Question 61 of 115
What percentage of atenolol bound if a dose of 50 mg/d had been administered?
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Question 62 of 115
A 59-year-old Japanese man with atrial fibrillation presented to his physician complaining of red urine. The man had been receiving a standard dose of warfarin, which is an anticoagulant drug biotransformed by CYP2C9 isozyme. Which of the following was the most likely cause of the patient's disorder?
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Question 63 of 115
A patient has nine drugs prescribed to take daily. Which are common reasons for nonadherence to the drug regimen in an older adult? (Select all that apply.)
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Question 64 of 115
This patient's disease was most likely mediated by genetic polymorphism of which of the following enzymes?
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Question 65 of 115
Which type of drug name usually begins with a lowercase letter?
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Question 66 of 115
Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) used in the treatment of hypertension are an example of which type of action?
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Question 67 of 115
The nurse understands the differences between drug excretion in children and that in adults. With this knowledge, what does the nurse consider when administering drugs to children?
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Question 68 of 115
A group of nursing students are reviewing information about the process of drug development in the United States. The students demonstrate understanding of this process when they identify that which of the following categories are assigned by the Food and Drug Administration to newly approved drugs?
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Question 69 of 115
Which of the following antiarrhythmic drug has an extremely short duration of action (approximately fifteen seconds), and is a naturally occurring nucleoside, used intravenously to abolish supraventricular tachycardia?
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Question 70 of 115
The nurse is administering oxycodone to a patient. Which common side effect should the nurse teach the patient about?
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Question 71 of 115
The nurse educator on the unit receives a list of high- alert drugs. Which strategy is recommended to decrease the risk of errors? (Select all that apply.)
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Question 72 of 115
Actions taken to reduce drug-drug interaction problems include all of the following EXCEPT:
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Question 73 of 115
Which antiarrhythmic drug is associated with corneal microdeposits?
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Question 74 of 115
A client with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder has begun lithium therapy. What is the primary rationale for the nurse’s instructions regarding the need for regular monitoring of the client’s serum drug levels?
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Question 75 of 115
A drug with moderate potential for abuse but may have a prescription phoned to the pharmacist with five refills in 6 months
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Question 76 of 115
Which of the following is an example of subjective data?
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Question 77 of 115
All drugs with the potential for abuse, as found under the auspices of the Controlled Substances Act of 1970, are followed by the DEA from manufacture to sale in a pharmacy or use by the physician.
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Question 78 of 115
What percentage of the administered drug will be eliminated by the liver?
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Question 79 of 115
The nurse is meeting with a community group about medication safety. The nurse must emphasize that patients at high risk for drug interactions include which groups? (Select all that apply.)
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Question 80 of 115
Drugs that are receptor agonists may demonstrate what property?
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Question 81 of 115
Which of the following permeation processes mediated the man's intestinal absorption of ethanol?
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Question 82 of 115
Angiotensin receptor blockers, such as losartan, block the action of at the receptor.
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Question 83 of 115
Which of the following drugs belongs to Class IB antiarrhythmic agents?
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Question 84 of 115
What term is used to describe a more gradual decrease in responsiveness to a drug?
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Question 85 of 115
The patient has questions about counterfeit drugs. Which factors alert the patient or nurse that a drug is counterfeit or adulterated? (Select all that apply.)
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Question 86 of 115
Which of the following drugs can cause torsades de pointes?
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Question 87 of 115
Which of these drugs is specifically used to treat tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TGCT)?
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Question 88 of 115
Which of the following is true regarding basic principles of drug distribution in the bloodstream?
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Question 89 of 115
ApoC-III inhibitors primarily reduce:
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Question 90 of 115
A nurse is assessing a pregnant client and learns that the client is addicted to cocaine. The nurse informs the client about the risks of cocaine addiction for her fetus. Which of the following would the nurse include?
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Question 91 of 115
What term best defines the cimetidine-diazepam interaction where the sedative effect of diazepam increased significantly?
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Question 92 of 115
Drugs administered via intravenous (IV) route:
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Question 93 of 115
Which drug can cause a syndrome of headache, dizziness, and tinnitus known as cinchonism?
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Question 94 of 115
Eicosanoids are hormone-like compounds that are produced from fatty-acids. All of the following are eicosanoids, EXCEPT
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Question 95 of 115
The nurse knows that the patient should be informed about the risks and benefits related to clinical research. What ethical principle does this describe?
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Question 96 of 115
A 22-year-old woman suffering from asthma was prescribed albuterol by inhalation. Albuterol is a bronchodilating drug with a molecular weight of 239 daltons. Which of the following permeation processes most likely accounted for the transfer of the drug through the bronchial mucosa?
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Question 97 of 115
The major reason for not crushing a sustained release capsule is that, if crushed, the coated beads of the drugs could possibly result in:
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Question 98 of 115
The nurse administers a variety of drugs to a patient. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?
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Question 99 of 115
Which of the following terms best defines this tolerance pattern where the first cigarette of the day causes tachycardia?
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Question 100 of 115
The ___ is the most common site for biotransformation.
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Question 101 of 115
Competitive antagonists compete for the same agonist binding site. This is likely to
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Question 102 of 115
What was most likely the immediate consequence of the activation of beta receptors in the 9-year-old boy suffering from mild asthma?
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Question 103 of 115
After teaching a group of nursing students about the half-life of a drug, the instructor determines the need for additional teaching when the students identify which of the following as true?
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Question 104 of 115
The patient looks at the prescription provided by the doctor and asks the nurse whether he can request a generic substitution. The nurse answers 'No' when noting what on the prescription?
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Question 105 of 115
What is the expected therapeutic outcome of the simultaneous administration of two medications?
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Question 106 of 115
In response to the patient's question about how to know whether drugs are safe, the nurse explains that all medications undergo rigorous scientific testing controlled by what organization?
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HESI LPN · HESI Basic Principles of Pharmacology Quizlet
Question 107 of 115
The word stat on a prescription means
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HESI LPN · HESI Basic Principles of Pharmacology Quizlet
Question 108 of 115
The addition of glucuronic acid to a drug:
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HESI LPN · HESI Basic Principles of Pharmacology Quizlet
Question 109 of 115
An enteral route of administration would be
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HESI LPN · HESI Basic Principles of Pharmacology Quizlet
Question 110 of 115
An older client is admitted with gastrointestinal bleeding. The client says to the nurse, 'I don't understand this. All I did was take ibuprofen (Advil) for my arthritis.' What is the nurse's best response?
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HESI LPN · HESI Basic Principles of Pharmacology Quizlet
Question 111 of 115
The nurse in the clinical research setting is knowledgeable about ethical principles and protection of human subjects. What principle is demonstrated by ensuring the patient’s right to self- determination?
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HESI LPN · HESI Basic Principles of Pharmacology Quizlet
Question 112 of 115
Which of the following pharmacokinetic properties of the drug was most likely affected by this large first-pass effect?
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HESI LPN · HESI Basic Principles of Pharmacology Quizlet
Question 113 of 115
After teaching a group of nursing students about pharmacokinetics, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which of the following as the first phase?
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HESI LPN · HESI Basic Principles of Pharmacology Quizlet
Question 114 of 115
Which diuretic is most effective in reducing symptoms of volume overload in heart failure?
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HESI LPN · HESI Basic Principles of Pharmacology Quizlet
Question 115 of 115
Application of a transdermal patch is an example of parenteral administration because the drug is delivered in a manner that bypasses the gastrointestinal tract.
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