Varicella is an acute febrile rash illness that is common in Iraq. Of the following, the TRUE statement is
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Question 2 of 91
A favorable prognostic factor in neuroblastoma is
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Question 3 of 91
An 8-year-old girl is brought by her mother to your clinic with high concern about breast mass; you find a well nourished; normally developed girl with asymmetrical; tender pea-size right breast mass just beneath the nipple. Of the following, the MOST appropriate action is to
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Question 4 of 91
In regions where penicillin-resistant pneumococci are prevalent, patients who are strongly suspected of having bacterial meningitis should receive which of the following antimicrobial agents added to ceftriaxone or cefotaxime for empirical antimicrobial therapy?
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Question 5 of 91
The LEAST likely presentation of neuroblastoma is
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Question 6 of 91
A 14-year-old child develops a nontender, solitary nodule that slowly enlarged over several weeks and that began at the site of an abrasion that occurred while cleaning his fish aquarium. Which is the most likely infecting organism?
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Question 7 of 91
The initial evaluation of infants with hemolysis include all the following EXCEPT
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Question 8 of 91
The only absolute contraindication to subsequent administrations of acellular pertussis vaccine is
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Question 9 of 91
Mumps virus is neurotropic and is thought to enter the CNS via the choroid plexus and infect the choroidal epithelium and ependymal cells. CNS involvement is characterized by
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Question 10 of 91
Fever is defined as a rectal temperature of
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Question 11 of 91
The MOST common adverse reaction to intramuscular immunoglobulin is
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Question 12 of 91
The preferable antibiotic in neonate with pertussis is
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Question 13 of 91
Measles is a serious infection characterized by high fever, an enanthem, cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, and a prominent exanthem. All the following are true EXCEPT
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Question 14 of 91
In meningitis, the characteristic sign of increased intracranial pressure with brain herniation is
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Question 15 of 91
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy stage 2 is characterized by all the following EXCEPT
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Question 16 of 91
Signs of inadequate tissue perfusion in a shocked patient, include all the following EXCEPT
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Question 17 of 91
Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy means
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Question 18 of 91
Hematocrit is normally higher in adolescent boys than girls; this difference in value is mainly due to
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Question 19 of 91
Crigler-Najjar syndrome characterized by all the following EXCEPT
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Question 20 of 91
In meningococcal purpura, necrotic skin lesions are less common among children treated with
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Question 21 of 91
A 2-week illness characterized by gradually increasing fever that eventually reaches $104^{\circ} \mathrm{F}$ and is associated with headache, malaise, cough, and abdominal pain in a child who has recently returned from a visit to a developing country most likely is
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Question 22 of 91
Of the following, the LEAST frequent cause of bronchiolitis is
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Question 23 of 91
A poisoned child can exhibit any one of following basic clinical patterns EXCEPT
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Question 24 of 91
A 2-year- old girl presented with abdominal mass, periorbital ecchymoses and ataxia. Of the following, the MOST likely diagnosis is
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Question 25 of 91
A 2-hour-old newborn admitted to neonatal care unit with respiratory distress, heart sounds heard mainly on the right side, and scaphoid abdomen; Oâ‚‚ saturation at room air 68%; chest radiograph was orderd. Of the following, the BEST way of Oâ‚‚ administration is by
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Question 26 of 91
In the United States, the MOST common bacterial food-borne cause of diarrhea is
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Question 27 of 91
Which type of fever is persistent and varies by more than $0.5°C (0.9°F)/day?
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Question 28 of 91
In multiple gestations, the birth order of twins affects morbidity by increasing the risk of the second-born twin for all the following EXCEPT
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Question 29 of 91
A 2-month-old infant has conjunctivitis, tachypnea, and mild cough. There is no fever. Rales are present bilaterally. The most likely etiology is
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Question 30 of 91
Individuals with hereditary retinoblastoma have an increased risk for
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Question 31 of 91
The MOST common etiology of joint and bone infections in young children is
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Question 32 of 91
Common adverse effects of nitazoxinide include
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Question 33 of 91
A 9-year-old girl has a raised erythematous rash on the cheeks; effusion and tenderness of the small joints of the hands; with history of recurrent mouth and nasal sores, GUE show proteinuria (>500 mg/24 h). All the following hematologic abnormalities are suspected in this patient EXCEPT
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Question 34 of 91
The Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome is characterized by
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Question 35 of 91
As a complication of RDS, rupture of the alveolar epithelial lining lead to gas dissection along the interstitial space and the peribronchial lymphatics that's may produce
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Question 36 of 91
All of the following are true of cat-scratch disease EXCEPT that
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Question 37 of 91
The MOST correct statement consistent with grade 3 intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is
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Question 38 of 91
A boy with acute lymphoblastic leukemia is assigned to be of very high risk group if he had got which of the following features?
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Question 39 of 91
In neonatal examination, the pupillary response to light is present at gestational age of
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Question 40 of 91
Of the following, the MOST common cause of death in children above 1 year of age is
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Question 41 of 91
The MOST common characteristic abnormality associated with congenital rubella is
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Question 42 of 91
A 2-year-old boy brought to emergency department with history of taking many tablets of panadol (acetaminophen) 30 minutes earlier; you were the most senior doctor in the team. Your BEST advice regarding gastric decontamination is to use/do
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Question 43 of 91
An HIV-seropositive female comes to her physician for advice because she is pregnant. She has never been on any antiviral medication because she had remained healthy without symptoms of AIDS. However, she wonders whether antiviral treatment might diminish the likelihood of fetal HIV infection. Which one of the following statements is correct?
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Question 44 of 91
A sexually active adolescent presents with copious malodorous yellow vaginal discharge with vulvovaginal irritation. Which is the most likely etiology?
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Question 45 of 91
A 5-year- old girl diagnosed recently with lymphoma, presented to the emergency room with distended neck veins, plethora, and swollen head and neck. Of the following, the MOST likely cause is
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Question 46 of 91
All the following are features of congenital CMV infection EXCEPT
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Question 47 of 91
Recommended duration of therapy for manifestations of group B streptococcus are as follow
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Question 48 of 91
The predominant site of hematopoiesis in the last trimester is
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Question 49 of 91
A 7-year-old boy presented with earache and aural discharge mainly in left side, he recently was diving in swimming pool; on examination he is afebrile with tenderness on movement of the pinna. Of the following, the MOST likely cause of this condition is
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Question 50 of 91
What is the type of shock in methemoglobinemia?
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Question 51 of 91
Which is not diagnostic of HIV infection in an 8-month-old child?
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Question 52 of 91
Which is not true concerning congenital cytomegalovirus infection?
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Question 53 of 91
The BEST second step in question 9 scenario is to
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Question 54 of 91
Metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scans are useful in the workup of
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Question 55 of 91
Which is not a manifestation of parvovirus B19 infection?
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Question 56 of 91
Fever in rheumatic diseases is caused by cytokine release and can take many forms. Regular temperature spikes, once or twice a day is seen in
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Question 57 of 91
A 3-year-old boy presents with a 7-day history of fever, cervical adenopathy, foul breath, and painful oral lesions on his tongue, gums, and lips. For the past 3 days, he has had a red, painful swollen area about the nail of his right thumb with an area of fluid by the nail bed, unresponsive to warm soaks and a first-generation cephalosporin. The most likely etiology is
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Question 58 of 91
Of the following, the MOST common etiological pathogen of osteomyelitis in children with sickle cell disease is
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Question 59 of 91
Cefixime is a third-generation cephalosporin active against all the following EXCEPT
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Question 60 of 91
Toxoplasmosis causes all of the following patterns of disease EXCEPT
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Question 61 of 91
A newly delivered full term newborn to HBsAg-positive mothers, all the following are true regarding neonatal management EXCEPT
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Question 62 of 91
Hind's mother brought her 2-year-old daughter to you in the primary health center, Hind's aunt developed rubella 2 weeks ago and they visited her yesterday. Hind's mother worried about herself and her daughter. Of the following, the BEST advice to Hind's mother is
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Question 63 of 91
The MOST common long-term sequela associated with congenital CMV infection is
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Question 64 of 91
Candida is a common cause of oral mucous membrane infections (thrush) and perineal skin infections (Candida diaper dermatitis) in young infants. All the following are true EXCEPT
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Question 65 of 91
Because no clinical or laboratory finding is pathognomonic for acute rheumatic fever, 5 major and 4 minor criteria with evidence of recent group A streptococcus infection are required for the diagnosis. Migratory polyarthritis represent one of the major criteria, which of the following statements is TRUE regarding this major criterion?
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Question 66 of 91
During follow up of a surgically resected brain tumor, the examination of choice to distinguish recurrent tumor from radiation necrosis is
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Question 67 of 91
The classic signs of UTI such as urgency, dysuria, frequency, and abdominal or back pain begin in children at age of
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Question 68 of 91
In necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), even with aggressive and appropriate medical management, 25%-50% of infants require surgical intervention. Of the following, the MOST obvious indication for surgical intervention is
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Question 69 of 91
All the following matching regarding prevention of encephalitis are true EXCEPT
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Question 70 of 91
An unusual complication of exchange transfusion is
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Question 71 of 91
The LEAST likely presenting feature for a newly diagnosed 3-year-old girl with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is
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Question 72 of 91
Regarding paranasal sinuses, all the following are true EXCEPT
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Question 73 of 91
The teratogenic effect of vitamin D is
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Question 74 of 91
Which of the following genotypes can predispose a child to the development of acute leukemia?
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Question 75 of 91
The MOST appropriate treatment for neonatal group B streptococcal meningitis is
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Question 76 of 91
A child suffers a provoked bite from a stray dog that was captured by animal control and appears healthy. Which is the appropriate action?
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Question 77 of 91
Tularemia is a zoonotic infection caused by the gram-negative bacterium Francisella tularensis. Of the following, the MOST common forms of tularemia diagnosed in children is
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Question 78 of 91
Which is not associated with gastroenteritis?
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Question 79 of 91
Preterm infant, weight $1600 \mathrm{gm}$, should not receive the following vaccine at birth
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Question 80 of 91
A 3-year-old-boy presented with fever 6 days ago associated with periungual desquamation. Examination showed a strawberry tongue, cervical lymphadenopathy, truncal polymorphous rash. The rash in this patient occurs in
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Question 81 of 91
The commonest translocation in infantile acute lymphoblastic leukemia is
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Question 82 of 91
A 16-year-old female has abrupt onset of high fever, vomiting, and diarrhea, with a diffuse sunburn-like rash, hyperemia of the pharyngeal and conjunctival membranes, oliguria, and postural hypotension. The most likely diagnosis is
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Question 83 of 91
The late manifestation of congenital syphilis (may not become apparent until many years after birth) is
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Question 84 of 91
The IgM response occurs earlier in the illness, generally peaking at 7-10 days after infection, and usually disappears within a few weeks, but for some infections it can persist for months such as
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Question 85 of 91
Persons with which blood group are at increased risk for developing severe disease of cholera?
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Question 86 of 91
The presence of dark color urine and gray-white (acholic) stools with jaundice after the second week of life strongly suggest
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Question 87 of 91
The largest protozoan that parasitizes human is
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Question 88 of 91
Which of the following represent a major criterion for the diagnosis of staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome?
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Question 89 of 91
An 8-year-old child presents with acute onset of meningitis and encephalitis in late summer after swimming in a stagnant pond. Which etiology should be suspected?
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Question 90 of 91
In high-risk patients, to prevent infective endocarditis, prophylactic antibiotics are required before and during all dental procedures and invasive procedures of the respiratory tract, infected skin, or muscle. Of the following, the MOST appropriate antibiotic is
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Question 91 of 91
A 12-hour-old term infant delivered by elective cesarean section after uneventful pregnancy presented with tachypnea, grunting, and retractions; oxygen saturation at room air 84% which respond to 40% oxygen (oxygen saturation 95%). Of the following, the MOST likely diagnosis is
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