Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 1 of 90

Which tumor is not associated with Epstein-Barr virus?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 2 of 90

Malignancies and age; the LEAST likely association is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 3 of 90

Congenital toxoplasmosis occurs through vertical transmission of Toxoplasma gondii by transplacental transfer of the organism from the mother to the fetus. All the following statements are true EXCEPT

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 4 of 90

What percent of the world's population infected by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 5 of 90

Leukocyte adhesion defects are caused by defects in the ÃŽÂ² chain of integrin (CD18), which is required for the normal process of neutrophil aggregation and attachment to endothelial surfaces. It is characterized by all the following EXCEPT

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 6 of 90

Impetigo (or pyoderma) has traditionally been classified into 2 clinical forms: bullous and nonbullous. Of the following, which statement is TRUE?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 7 of 90

In distributive shock (like septic shock), the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) may precede the shock. All the following may be part of the syndrome EXCEPT

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 8 of 90

Congenital CMV infection proved when CMV detected within the first

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 9 of 90

In the delivery room and after prolonged labor you received a newborn baby with central and peripheral cyanosis, heart rate 90/min, weak cry, arms and legs well flexed, and withdrawal motion. The Apgar score is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 10 of 90

Anterior mediastinal mass is found in

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 11 of 90

Which is true concerning infections in immunocompromised persons?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 12 of 90

Which of the following tumors requires biopsy rather than complete surgical resection?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 13 of 90

The minimum interval between the 2 doses of MMR is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 14 of 90

You are evaluating a preadolescent boy by using an orchidometer. The expected testicular volume at this stage should be less than

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 15 of 90

All of the following are requirements for the diagnosis of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis EXCEPT

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 16 of 90

The treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) focuses on suppressing inflammation, preserving and maximizing function, preventing deformity, and preventing blindness. Of the following, the FIRST option in the treatment of JIA is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 17 of 90

A 15-year-old female wishes to play soccer in school and needs medical clearance. On physical examination, her liver edge is palpable and seems minimally enlarged. Ultrasonography of the liver shows one cyst approximately 3 $\mathrm{cm}$ in diameter. Her menstruation is normal. Results of serologic test results for Echinococus and hepatitis are negative, and liver enzyme values are normal. She has lived her whole life in Salt Lake City, Utah, and has never traveled abroad. Which factor is most important in allowing her to play this sport?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 18 of 90

What is the most appropriate step in the diagnosis of the case described in Question 29?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 19 of 90

A 16-year-old adolescent presented with history of acute pharyngitis; followed by thrombosis of the internal jugular vein and septic pulmonary embolism. Throat culture reveals Fusobacterium necrophorum. Of the following, the MOST likely diagnosis is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 20 of 90

You are a 4th year pediatric board trainee, asked to explain the mechanism of airway compromise during loss of consciousness to a medical student. The BEST statement you would like to use is that it's due to

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 21 of 90

The LEAST effective factor in the prognosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 22 of 90

Which is not true of HIV gp120?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 23 of 90

B symptoms in Hodgkin disease are

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 24 of 90

Approximately $80 \%$ of blood cultures that will be positive are identified at

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 25 of 90

A 21-day-old infant presented with poor weight gain, decreased feeding, fever, and jaundice; urinalysis showing leukocyturia of 20 WBCs/mmÃ‚Â³; total bilirubin level, 13 mg/dl and direct bilirubin level, 4 mg/dl Of the following, the MOST appropriate treatment is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 26 of 90

A common sign of increased intracranial pressure is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 27 of 90

The MOST common etiologic agent in a 4-year-old child with pneumonia is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 28 of 90

The classic hemorrhagic disease of the newborn (HDN) usually occurs between 3 and 7 days of life, early HDN occurs at the 1st day if mother receive

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 29 of 90

Which of the following is frequently caused by adenoviruses?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 30 of 90

Which is not a spore-forming intestinal protozoa?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 31 of 90

A newly delivered newborn baby admitted to the neonatal care unit with respiratoy distress; physical examination revealed clubfeet, characteristic compressed facies, low-set ears, and diminished chest wall size; abdominal ultrasound reveals bilateral renal agenesis; ultrasound during pregnancy show amniotic fluid index Ã¢â€°Â¤ 2 cm. Of the following, the MOST likely cause of death in this condition is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 32 of 90

A 2-year- old girl presented with abdominal mass and irritability. The mother reported change in the color of urine to red for the last few days. The examination was notable for a flank mass with raised blood pressure. Of the following, the MOST likely diagnosis is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 33 of 90

The MOST common complication of mumps is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 34 of 90

The earliest radiographic finding in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 35 of 90

Which is not true of the risk of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP)?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 36 of 90

Isoniazid is accompanied by significant drug-drug interactions, which of the following is TRUE?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 37 of 90

During initial assessment and resuscitation of an acutely injured (traumatized) child after applying of ABCDE approach. Of the following, an important extra action is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 38 of 90

In gastroenteritis, a large inoculums is required to cause infection with

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 39 of 90

A 3-week-old infant presented with poor feeding, maculopapular rash over the palms and soles and around the mouth, and bloody nasal discharge; on examination there are hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy; CBC reveals hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia. Of the following, the MOST likely diagnosis is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 40 of 90

Which cephalosporin should not be mixed or reconstituted with a calcium-containing product, such as Ringer solution or parenteral nutrition containing calcium?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 41 of 90

Which of the following malignant tumors has a remarkable broad spectrum clinical prognosis ranging from spontaneous regression to death?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 42 of 90

Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) is the MOST common systemic vasculitis of childhood. Arthritis occurs in

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 43 of 90

Early clamping of umbilical cord may lead to all the following EXCEPT

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 44 of 90

Which is not a feature of dengue hemorrhagic fever?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 45 of 90

All patients who are presumed or proven to have gonorrhea should be evaluated for concurrent presence of all the following infections EXCEPT

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 46 of 90

The diagnosis of a neonatal pneumothorax may be confirmed by

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 47 of 90

Of the following, the COMMONEST cause of poisoning in childhood is with

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 48 of 90

In patients with neonatal HSV infection who receive IV treatment for 2-3 weeks then suppressive treatment for 6 months, they should be monitored by

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 49 of 90

A 6-month-old breast-fed infant presents with a 24-hour history of diarrhea but no emesis. On examination, the child is afebrile, has normal vital signs, but has slightly sunken eyes and fontanel. She continues to nurse fairly well. The most appropriate therapy is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 50 of 90

In term infants, phototherapy is initiated when indirect bilirubin levels are between

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 51 of 90

Seizures noted in the delivery room often are caused by

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 52 of 90

A 4-year-old child has an acute illness of coryza, barky cough, hoarseness, and anorexia. There are no fever or lower respiratory tract findings. The most likely etiology is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 53 of 90

A 16-month-old child presented with fever, poor feeding, and ear discomfort which interfere with normal sleep but you are an uncertain about the diagnosis of acute otitis media. Of the following, the first-line therapy of this condition is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 54 of 90

Of the following the specific antidote for organophosphates poisoning is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 55 of 90

All the following regarding assessment and care of infants with pertussis are true EXCEPT

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 56 of 90

A 7-year-old child, a known case of chronic eczema, exposed to chickenpox 2 days ago. Of the following, the MOST appropriate action is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 57 of 90

Late neonatal hypocalcemia (after 3 days of life) is often the result of

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 58 of 90

All the following investigations/laboratory measurers are indicated as screening clue in toxicological diagnosis EXCEPT

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 59 of 90

The major cause of neonatal mortality in fullterm infant is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 60 of 90

The initial treatment of choice for localized neuroblastoma is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 61 of 90

Ali's mother worried about her 23-month-old baby who has chronic renal failure, his sister developed measles 2 days ago. Of the following, the MOST appropriate action is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 62 of 90

Regarding epidemiology of Neisseria meningitides, all the following are true EXCEPT

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 63 of 90

Which is not true about cat-scratch disease?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 64 of 90

On examining a full-term newborn, the physician noted mild hepatomegaly. The remainder of the physical findings was normal, including head circumference and retinas. A urine culture grew cytomegalovirus (CMV). Results of head ultrasonography were normal. Subsequent testing disclosed no metabolic disorders. What deficit is most likely to occur in the next year?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 65 of 90

Which is not recommended as part of the care for an asymptomatic 2-year-old HIV-infected child with a CD4 cell count of 45 cells $/ \mathrm{mm}^3$ ?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 66 of 90

Which of the following is immune mediated hemolysis in the newborn?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 67 of 90

Which is not a common manifestation of congenital rubella syndrome?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 68 of 90

You are treating a 5-month-old baby boy with severe acute bronchiolitis. Mother is concerned about the prognosis of such an illness. Your BEST response to her is to say

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 69 of 90

Of the long-term consequences of cancer therapy, cardiomyopathy may be related to

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 70 of 90

Immunization is one of the most beneficial and cost-effective disease prevention measures. As a result of effective and safe vaccines, which of the following diseases has been eradicated?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 71 of 90

A 3-year-old child presented with increased nasal secretions and low-grade fever for 1 week followed by paroxysmal coughing with post tussive emesis, the child was vaccinated with 1st 2 doses at one week and two month. Of the following, the MOST helpful diagnostic test for this condition is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 72 of 90

Prophylaxis for people who have had acute rheumatic fever with carditis but without residual heart disease persist for

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 73 of 90

Ribavirin is a guanosine analog that has broad-spectrum activity against a variety of viruses, particularly RNA viruses. All the following are true EXCEPT

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 74 of 90

A 2-year-old girl presented with fever, urgency, dysuria, and abdominal pain. Of the following, the MOST common etiological pathogen is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 75 of 90

A 10-month-old child presents with a temperature of $105^{\circ} \mathrm{F}$, watery diarrhea, and a generalized seizure. The most likely cause of this syndrome is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 76 of 90

All the following are clinical features of shigellosis EXCEPT

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 77 of 90

Multiple blood cultures may be required to detect bacteremia associated with

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 78 of 90

Respiratory tract infections are common manifestations of human adenoviruses (HAdV) infections in children and adults. All the following are true EXCEPT

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 79 of 90

Regarding serological tests of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and it's significance, all the following matching are true EXCEPT

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 80 of 90

Oxygen concentrations that are toxic to the neonatal lung is greater than

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 81 of 90

A 3-year-old child diagnosed with shigella infection, he can return to his daycare

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 82 of 90

A common extramedullary site for acute lymphoblastic leukemia is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 83 of 90

Patients with conditions leading to iron overload are at higher risk of developing infections with

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 84 of 90

A 7-month-old child presents in late October with 3 days of fever to $103^{\circ} \mathrm{F}$, a mildly injected pharynx, mild cervical adenopathy, and diarrhea. On the fourth day of the illness, the fever ceases and a measles-like rash appears. The most likely diagnosis is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 85 of 90

A 4-year-old child presented with history of fever, headache, lethargy, abnormal behavior, and seizures; CSF examination reveal (leukocytes 350/ÃŽÂ¼L with mononuclear cells predominate), protein (70 mg/dL), and glucose (69 mg/dL); serum glucose (98 mg/dL); brain imaging show temporal lobe abnormalities. Of the following, the MOST likely cause of this condition is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 86 of 90

The unexplained additional risk factor for early-onset neonatal sepsis is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 87 of 90

Giardiasis should be considered in children who have the following presentations EXCEPT

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 88 of 90

All the following are recognized features of idiopathic apnea EXCEPT

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 89 of 90

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in the preterm infant is characterized by

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease Practice Questions

Question 90 of 90

Tumor lysis syndrome is associated with which of the following malignancies?

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