Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 1 of 90

Most infants with herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection are normal at birth, and symptoms of infection develop at

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 2 of 90

Cutaneous manifestations are helpful in suspecting

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 3 of 90

Which is recommended for a woman with active genital HSV infection during labor?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 4 of 90

Drugs that are known to cause fever include

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 5 of 90

Urinalysis showing leukocyturia suggests urinary tract infection if there is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 6 of 90

A 6-year-old child present with low grade fever, pharyngitis and mild conjunctivitis. After about one week he developed facial rash with circumoral pallor followed by a pruritic reticulated rash over the body that waxes and wanes (recur with exercise and bathing). Of the following, the MOST likely cause is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 7 of 90

The MOST common cause of death in kala azar is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 8 of 90

In patients with diarrhea, bacterial stool culture is recommended in all the following EXCEPT

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 9 of 90

Compared with adults (bilirubin production 3 mg/kg/24 hr), newborns have greater rate of bilirubin production which is about

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 10 of 90

Which of the following diagnostic tests is LEAST useful in establishing a diagnosis of mesenteric adenitis due to Yersinia pseudotuberculosis?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 11 of 90

The diagnosis of primary pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is confirmed by

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 12 of 90

A 5-year- old girl presented with prolonged fever, progressive pallor, arthralgia, and skin ecchymoses. Of the following, the MOST likely diagnosis is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 13 of 90

A 10-day-old newborn presented with pallor, poor oral intake and abdominal distension, physical examination revealed stigmata of trisomy 21, hepatosplenomegaly, and his peripheral blood film showed low hemoglobin, high white cell count, low platelets and many blasts cells. Of the following, the MOST likely diagnosis at this stage is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 14 of 90

The first-line therapy of sinusitis in children is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 15 of 90

Disseminated intravascular coagulation as a consequence of chemotherapy administration is LEAST likely to get benefit from

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 16 of 90

The MOST effective strategy in trauma prevention in childhood is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 17 of 90

An 8-year-old-girl complains from morning stiffness and pain of 4 joints in the last 6 months with uveitis. On physical examination, signs of inflammation are present, including joint tenderness, erythema, and effusion, but no fever or weight loss. Laboratory result was: ANA positive, rheumatoid factor negative. Of the following, the MOST commonly involved joint is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 18 of 90

Pyelonephritis is a frequent cause of fever in young infants. All of the following infants have an increased risk of urinary tract infections EXCEPT

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 19 of 90

The 12-year-old son of diplomat parents presents with crampy abdominal pain, fever, migratory arthralgias, and hepatosplenomegaly. During the past 5 years, his family has lived in the Philippines, Kampuchea, Senegal, and Mali. Ultrasound examination of his abdomen shows periportal fibrosis consistent with schistosomiasis. His kidneys and bladder are normal. Which of the following schistosome species is UNLIKELY to be the cause of his illness?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 20 of 90

Which is the recommended treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis conjunctivitis or pneumonia?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 21 of 90

Antiviral chemotherapy typically requires a delicate balance between targeting critical steps in viral replication without interfering with host cellular function. Which of the following antiviral blocks M2 protein ion channel?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 22 of 90

A common site for osteosarcoma is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 23 of 90

Determination of physical growth and development of puberty in adolescent girls is dependent on the rating of

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 24 of 90

Which is not true concerning treatment of HIV infection?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 25 of 90

Serious reactions to IVIG include all the following EXCEPT

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 26 of 90

Cyanosis becomes evident clinically when the unsaturated hemoglobin is equal or more than

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 27 of 90

The recommended treatment of HHV-6 infection complicated by seizures is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 28 of 90

The recommended treatment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae illness is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 29 of 90

A poor prognostic factor for invasive meningococcal disease on presentation is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 30 of 90

The MOST common histopathological subtype in childhood Hodgkin disease is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 31 of 90

A 4-year-old child admitted to hospital with history of high fever, cough, and tachypnea; chest radiograph reveals lobar pneumonia treated with I.V. ceftriaxone with partial response; 7 days later, the fever recurs with toxicity, new chest radiograph reveals cavitary lesion with an air-fluid level. Of the following, the BEST management is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 32 of 90

Minimal myelosuppression is reported with which agent?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 33 of 90

Patients with acute rheumatic carditis and more than minimal cardiomegaly should receive prednisone $2 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{kg} /$ day in 4 divided doses for

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 34 of 90

A full-term newborn male whose mother had reactive Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) and microhemagglutination assay-Treponema pallidum (MHA-TP) results at the time of delivery was evaluated. He was anemic and had thrombocytopenia and mild hepatomegaly. He also had a desquamative skin rash consistent with congenital syphilis. His CSF was clear, with 5 white blood cells (WBCs), 0 RBCs, protein of $80 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{dL}$, and glucose of $49 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{dL}$; the CSF VDRL result was nonreactive. Based on this examination, which of the following is true?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 35 of 90

The hallmark of the radiological findings in chronic osteomyelitis is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 36 of 90

Multiple-dose activated charcoal is considered in patient has ingested a lifethreatening amount of

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 37 of 90

The MOST common characteristic cardiac abnormality associated with congenital rubella is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 38 of 90

All the following are radiographic features of transient tachypnea of the newborn EXCEPT

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 39 of 90

Meropenem is a carbapenem antibiotic with broad-spectrum activity but has no activity against

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 40 of 90

In neonate, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is unusual to occur after

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 41 of 90

Oral rehydration is the treatment of choice for all children with gastroenteritis EXCEPT those with

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 42 of 90

Because cerebral malaria can be fatal in as little as 24 hours, in any child having suggestive symptoms and/or history of recent tropical travel, what confirmatory procedure should immediately be invoked?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 43 of 90

All the following may predispose to hemorrhagic disease of the newborn (HDN) that occur 1 to 3 months after birth, particularly among breastfed infants EXCEPT

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 44 of 90

Herpes whitlow is HSV infection of the

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 45 of 90

Which animals should be regarded as rabid in the United States?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 46 of 90

Of the following, the LEAST common cause of neonatal bacterial meningitis is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 47 of 90

In congenital infection, the organism that is usually identified by specific fetal production of antibodies (IgM or increasing titer of IgG) is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 48 of 90

The MOST common site of relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 49 of 90

Erythema marginatum is seen in which of the following pediatric arthritis syndromes?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 50 of 90

Amantadine and rimantadine are effective only against influenza A viruses and are not approved for use in children younger than

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 51 of 90

Complications of campylobacter jejuni can include acute and late onset complications that may present after the acute infection has resolved. Of the following, the MOST common late-onset complication is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 52 of 90

The drug of choice for empirical treatment of indwelling line and prosthesis infections caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 53 of 90

Recent congenital rubella infection is usually detected by measurement of

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 54 of 90

Which of the following vaccines is contraindicated for a patient with chronic renal disease?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 55 of 90

One of the mechanisms of infectious diarrhea is increasing cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels which mainly occurred by

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 56 of 90

A painless, slow-growing, hard mass producing cutaneous fistulas, a condition commonly known as lumpy jaw is usually caused by

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 57 of 90

A 4-year-old male is brought to your office because of a circular reddish rash under his armpit. The child has been afebrile and has had no other systemic symptoms. The rash is not pruritic. The child's parents state that they have recently returned from a vacation in Massachusetts on Cape Cod and that a small tick had been removed from the same area where the rash is now. The only abnormality on the examination is the circular, flat, erythematous rash that is about $6 \mathrm{~cm}$ in diameter and is not tender. The appropriate next step in treating this patient is to

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 58 of 90

Allergic rhinitis is characterized by all the following EXCEPT

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 59 of 90

Erythroblastosis fetalis classically is caused by Rh blood group incompatibility, which of the following is not antigenic in Rh antigen system?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 60 of 90

A 6-month- old infant presented with multiple skin nodules and pallor, his CBC showed reduced blood elements with no abnormal cells. Abdominal sonogram showed small right adrenal mass with diffuse liver hypoechoic lesions. The bone marrow aspiration was highly suggestive of involvement by neuroblastoma. Of the following, the MOST likely stage is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 61 of 90

Of the following, the MOST common brain tumor is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 62 of 90

Encephalitis and acute cerebellar ataxia are well-described neurologic complications of varicella. All the following are true EXCEPT

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 63 of 90

Repetitive, rhythmic contractions of muscle groups of the limbs, face, or trunk are characteristic of

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 64 of 90

The incidence of kernicterus in term infants increases as serum bilirubin levels exceed

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 65 of 90

Which of the following is a T-lymphocyte independent vaccine?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 66 of 90

All the following can cause human amoebic meningoencephalitis EXCEPT

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 67 of 90

Perinatal mortality rate is expressed as number of deaths per 1000 live births and it's refers to fetal deaths occurring from

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 68 of 90

The rooting reflex is present by gestational age of

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 69 of 90

Severe hemorrhage or diarrhea can cause

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 70 of 90

A good predictor for severe hepatocellular injury and progression to fulminant hepatic failure is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 71 of 90

A 2-month-old baby boy presented with severe pallor, cold extremities and poor pulses, you suspected hemorrhage, after administration of O2. Of the following, the MOST important next step is to start

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 72 of 90

A 12-year-old introverted boy complaining of gynecomastia, he informs you that he feels embarrassed because of his breast size in front of his beers. You find a 5 cm, round, freely mobile, mildly tender, and firm mass immediately beneath the areola. His sexual maturity rating was stage III. Of the following the MOST appropriate action is to

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 73 of 90

A 4-week-old infant presents with history of conjunctivitis and repetitive cough; on examination temperature 37 CÃ‚Â°, respiratory rate 68/min, and rales on auscultation; chest radiograph show hyperinflation with diffuse infiltrates. Of the following, the treatment of choice is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 74 of 90

All the following are risk factor for polycythemia EXCEPT

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 75 of 90

The MOST common type of leukemia in childhood is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 76 of 90

Which is true about treatment for papillomaviruses?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 77 of 90

The characteristic radiographic finding of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 78 of 90

The MOST important clinical manifestation of M. catarrhalis infection in children is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 79 of 90

A fullterm baby delivered by normal vaginal delivery suffers birth asphyxia (Grade II-III hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy), had been intubated without difficulty, now he is on ventilator; the staff nurse asking you about the type of sedation to be used. Of the following, the BEST answer is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 80 of 90

In acute measles, the World Health Organization recommends routine administration for 2 days of

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 81 of 90

The MOST common cause of laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 82 of 90

Enteroviruses include all of the following viruses EXCEPT

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 83 of 90

S. pneumoniae is the most frequent cause of bacteremia, bacterial pneumonia, otitis media, and bacterial meningitis in children. Children at increased risk of pneumococcal infections include those with the following conditions EXCEPT

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 84 of 90

Which is not true concerning the treatment of Entamoeba histolytica amebiasis?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 85 of 90

Relative bradycardia (when the pulse rate remains low in the presence of fever) can accompany all the following conditions EXCEPT

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 86 of 90

Which antibiotics should be avoided in patients with botulism?

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 87 of 90

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a chronic complication of measles with a delayed onset and an outcome that is nearly always fatal. SSPE is characterized by

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 88 of 90

The congenital anomalies that are associated with Wilms tumor are

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 89 of 90

The least common clinical feature of typhoid fever in children is

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ATI RN · Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions

Question 90 of 90

An-18-month-old girl brought to ER department after ingesting a small button battery left by father after repair of his watch. She was sitting comfortably with no complaint apart from mild saliva drooling, chest X-ray shows a radio-opaque rounded shadow in the middle of esophagus. Of the following, the BEST action is

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