ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 1 of 73
A 29-year-old African American woman presents with bilateral facial weakness. This symptom developed over the course of a few hours and has never happened before. Upon further questioning, the patient reports seeing her pulmonologist every 6 months to follow her lung function and seeing her ophthalmologist annually for an eye exam. Neurological exam is significant for the patient being unable to smile, or raise her eyebrows. There is also an erythematous and tender nodule affecting the pretibial surfaces of both legs. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain shows leptomeningeal enhancement. Which of the following is most likely the diagnosis in this patient?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 2 of 73
Which ion has the greatest electrochemical driving force in a typical neuron with a resting membrane potential of -65 millivolts?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 3 of 73
fMRI technology can provide significant insights into brain function by
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 4 of 73
Which action would be beneficial to a patient with a right brain stroke?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 5 of 73
Which part of the nervous system is the focus of sobriety tests?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 6 of 73
Which of the following accounts for the movement of neurotransmitters across a synaptic cleft?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 7 of 73
The midbrain contains the substantia nigra, which is crucial for:
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 8 of 73
The Nurse is assessing a client diagnosed with medical diagnosis of a Bartholin cyst. Which physical assessment technique should the nurse use to observe the cyst?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 9 of 73
Any drug that can act on the central nervous system must first pass through the blood-brain barrier, which:
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 10 of 73
During shift report, a client with head injury has decorticate posturing. Which position will the nurse expect?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 11 of 73
Multipolar neurons have:
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 12 of 73
Which of the following is the middle ear ossicle that is attached to the tympanic membrane?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 13 of 73
Client in barbiturate coma with gurgling ETT. First action before suctioning?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 14 of 73
Decussation refers to the crossing over of nerve fibers from one side of the nervous system to the other. Which structure in the brainstem is known for the prominent decussation of motor fibers?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 15 of 73
Which molecules move from the endolymph into the stereocilia and depolarize the hair cell?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 16 of 73
Ventral roots of spinal nerves consist of:
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 17 of 73
What will the nurse tell the patient who has cerebral atherosclerosis about taking clopidogrel (Plavix)?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 18 of 73
Which patient would probably not be a candidate for NPPV?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 19 of 73
Multiple sclerosis results from an autoimmune disease that primarily involves
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 20 of 73
Nerves that contain both sensory and motor fibers and carry signals in both directions are called:
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 21 of 73
Preop for severe TBI with bleeding, what’s most important?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 22 of 73
Which information about the patient who has had a subarachnoid hemorrhage is most important to communicate to the health care provider?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 23 of 73
The dura mater extends to form a strong, protective sheath around the spinal cord known as the:
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 24 of 73
The primary auditory cortex lies primarily in which lobe of the cerebral cortex?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 25 of 73
The excitatory or inhibitory action of a neurotransmitter is determined by which of the following?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 26 of 73
The midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata are housed in the:
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 27 of 73
The chemical messenger between neurons or a neuron and its target muscle is:
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 28 of 73
Like other sensory systems, the somatosensory system has a descending component that functions to regulate the overall sensitivity of the system. Which of the following selections best describes the function of the corticofugal signals transmitted from the somatosensory cortex downward to the thalamus and dorsal column nuclei?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 29 of 73
Post-craniotomy, what warrants surgeon notification?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 30 of 73
During the report using SBAR, the nurse states, 'Since we have just initiated a potassium replacement protocol, the patient will need a potassium level drawn at 1300.' This depicts:
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Question 31 of 73
A patient with a left-brain stroke suddenly bursts into tears when family members visit. How should the nurse respond?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 32 of 73
On the first postoperative day, the nurse finds an older male client disoriented and trying to climb over the bed railing. Previously he was oriented to person, place, and time on admission. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 33 of 73
The rapid depolarization phase of an action potential is primarily due to:
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 34 of 73
There are---------- layers of meninges around the brain and spinal cord.
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 35 of 73
A nurse is assessing a client who has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 36 of 73
The intracranial pressure of a brain-injured client who is on a ventilator has increased from 15 mm Hg to 25 mm Hg within the last 30 minutes. The client is beginning to flex all extremities intermittently. Based on these findings, which immediate action should the nurse take?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 37 of 73
Which of the following results from stimulation by the sympathetic nervous system?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 38 of 73
A client receiving cyclosporine must be taught which of the following?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 39 of 73
The nurse prepares stroke family materials. What’s least effective to reduce stroke risk?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 40 of 73
Olfactory information transmitted to the orbitofrontal cortex passes through which thalamic nucleus?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 41 of 73
Which substance is responsible for the umami taste sensation?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 42 of 73
Vibratory sensation depends on the detection of rapidly changing, repetitive sensations. The high-frequency end of the repetitive stimulation scale is detected by which structure?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 43 of 73
The primary symptom of hydrocephalus is often:
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 44 of 73
In an electrical synapse, direct communication between neurons occurs through structures known as:
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 45 of 73
The hypothalamus is part of the:
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 46 of 73
Which cranial nerve is responsible for eye movement and pupil constriction?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 47 of 73
Which are characteristics of chronic kidney rejection?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 48 of 73
Which part of the neuron conducts electrical impulses away from the cell body?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 49 of 73
A client receiving plasmapheresis has which possible complications? EXCEPT(SATA)
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 50 of 73
Which of the following is NOT a function of cerebrospinal fluid:
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 51 of 73
A 14-year-old male presents with a witnessed generalized tonic-clonic seizure. Prior to the seizure event, he felt anxious, confused, and diaphoretic. Medical history is significant for recently diagnosed type I diabetes mellitus, and he has been struggling to control his blood glucose levels. His only medication is an insulin regimen administered via needle and syringe injections. He denies any alcohol or drug use. Laboratory tests were obtained. Which of the following is the best next step in management?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 52 of 73
Which practice guideline should the nurse implement when caring for the patient receiving enteral feedings?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 53 of 73
What action should you take for a patient experiencing a generalized seizure?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 54 of 73
Parkinson's disease is associated with a deficiency in
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 55 of 73
In the baseball area of your cortex, your 'Red Soxneurons have smaller receptive fields than your 'Yankeesneurons. Based on the cortical magnification hypothesis
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 56 of 73
Which structure carries axons from neurons in the ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus to the primary somatosensory cortex?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 57 of 73
When teaching about clopidogrel (Plavix), the nurse will tell the patient with cerebral atherosclerosis
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 58 of 73
A neuron with a cell body located in the CNS whose primary function is connecting other neurons is called a(n):
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 59 of 73
The ventral (anterior) horns of the spinal cord primarily contain:
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 60 of 73
Inner hair cells
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 61 of 73
A 72-year-old male presents with abnormal speech and right-sided weakness. He was last seen normal approximately 1 hour ago. Past medical history is significant for hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Five years ago, he underwent coronary artery bypass grafting for the management of a myocardial infarction. On exam, his speech is non-fluent and sparse, with impaired repetition. He has difficulty naming even common objects. Comprehension is relatively intact. There is a right-sided mouth droop, with sparing of the forehead. Strength is 3/5 throughout the right upper extremity, and 4+/5 in the right lower extremity. Sensation appears intact. Which of the following is the best next step in management?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 62 of 73
Prior to initiating peritoneal dialysis, which nursing action is most important for the nurse to implement?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 63 of 73
Which of the following best describes autonomic innervation of the heart?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 64 of 73
Astrocytes are essential for:
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Question 65 of 73
The nurse admits a 35-year-old patient to the emergency department following a 3-day history of nausea and vomiting. Vital signs assessed by the nurse include a BP of 70/50 mm Hg, HR 145 beats/min, RR 36 breaths/min, and SpO2 of 92% on room air. The nurse recognizes which classification of shock?
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Question 66 of 73
The premotor cortex is involved in the planning and coordination of voluntary movements and is located anterior to the:
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 67 of 73
A client in ICU has a leaking cerebral aneurysm. What’s the earliest sign of increased ICP?
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Question 68 of 73
Identify the bridge of white matter that connects the right and left cerebral hemispheres:
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Question 69 of 73
Identify the cranial nerve that carries sensory information from the inner ear for balance and hearing:
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 70 of 73
The three main anatomical neural planes are:
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Question 71 of 73
What is true about the distribution of rods and cones in the retina?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 72 of 73
What is the preferred diet for a patient with cirrhosis with creased ammonia levels?
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ATI LPN · Medical Surgical Nursing Neurological Disorders
Question 73 of 73
A bundle of axons in the central nervous system is a:
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