HESI LPN · LPN Cardiovascular System Exam Questions
Question 1 of 119
Which of the following should the nurse identify as the earliest symptom of heart failure in many older clients?
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Question 2 of 119
The nurse is administering enoxaparin (Lovenox) to a client. What is the most important lab value to monitor?
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Question 3 of 119
The nurse is preparing to administer a beta blocker to a client with hypertension. What is the priority assessment?
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Question 4 of 119
What is a surgical procedure to remove one of the lobes of the lungs, often performed to treat lung cancer?
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Question 5 of 119
The most realistic discharge goal for Mrs. G., with a history of compensated congestive heart failure, is
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Question 6 of 119
Which statement about heparin is false?
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Question 7 of 119
The client on spironolactone (Aldactone) should avoid which type of food?
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Question 8 of 119
In the case of heart muscle, all are true except:
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Question 9 of 119
The client asks about side effects of taking digoxin. How does the nurse respond?
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Question 10 of 119
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of veins?
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Question 11 of 119
What condition is characterized by a water hammer pulse?
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Question 12 of 119
In the adult the majority of leukocytes are:
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Question 13 of 119
As the cardiac-vascular nurse prepares to administer an experimental cardiac drug to a patient who is participating in a research study, the patient states that they no longer want the medication. The nurse advises the patient that:
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Question 14 of 119
What type of imaging test uses X-rays to visualize the blood vessels after injecting them with a contrast dye?
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Question 15 of 119
Which type of lung cancer is strongly associated with exposure to asbestos?
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Question 16 of 119
An example of an antiplatelet drug would be:
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Question 17 of 119
What test measures the electrical activity of the heart over a period of time, typically 24 to 48 hours?
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HESI LPN · LPN Cardiovascular System Exam Questions
Question 18 of 119
In developing a teaching plan for Mr. Jones on hydrochlorothiazide, it would be important to include
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HESI LPN · LPN Cardiovascular System Exam Questions
Question 19 of 119
A patient who underwent a percutaneous, transluminal coronary angioplasty four weeks ago has a subsequent ejection fraction of 30%. The patient returns for a follow-up visit. Examination reveals lungs that are clear on auscultation and slight pedal edema. The patient's medications are digoxin (Lanoxin), furosemide (Lasix), enalapril maleate (Vasotec), and aspirin. The patient reports a 5 lb (2.27 kg) weight gain over the past two days. The cardiac-vascular nurse's initial action is to:
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HESI LPN · LPN Cardiovascular System Exam Questions
Question 20 of 119
The client is on enoxaparin (Lovenox) for DVT prophylaxis. What is the most important lab value to monitor?
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Question 21 of 119
Which of the following blood cells are the main soldiers in the immune system defense of the body against microbial invaders?
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Question 22 of 119
The client on amiodarone reports shortness of breath. What is the nurse's best response?
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Question 23 of 119
Which condition involves the tearing of the aorta, leading to severe pain and internal bleeding?
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Question 24 of 119
The skeletal muscle pump refers to skeletal muscles compressing against the walls of ___ to increase ___
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Question 25 of 119
In auscultating over a peripheral artery, what sound would suggest obstruction of the artery?
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HESI LPN · LPN Cardiovascular System Exam Questions
Question 26 of 119
During a home visit to an 88-year-old patient who is taking digoxin (Lanoxin) 0.25 mg daily to help control the rate of atrial fibrillation, you obtain this assessment information. Which assessment indicates that you need to notify the physician?
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Question 27 of 119
The nurse is caring for a client on enalapril (Vasotec). What is the most important side effect to monitor?
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Question 28 of 119
What is a condition where the blood flow to the brain is temporarily blocked, often referred to as a mini-stroke?
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Question 29 of 119
The client is on dobutamine. Adverse effects of Dobutrex (dobutamine) include the following: Select all that apply.
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Question 30 of 119
What of the following chambers of the heart contain deoxygenated blood?
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Question 31 of 119
Release of chemical substances from damaged tissues starts the:
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Question 32 of 119
Which of the following is a central vasodilator and peripheral vasoconstrictor?
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HESI LPN · LPN Cardiovascular System Exam Questions
Question 33 of 119
Under the microscope, erythrocytes appear as:
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Question 34 of 119
The first heart sound is produced by the:
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HESI LPN · LPN Cardiovascular System Exam Questions
Question 35 of 119
What procedure is used to visualize the airways and diagnose lung disease?
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Question 36 of 119
Normally, the rate of the heart beat in a human is determined by:
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HESI LPN · LPN Cardiovascular System Exam Questions
Question 37 of 119
If Mrs. Jones has a temporary pacemaker and the pacemaker intermittently fails to capture or sense, increasing the output temporarily restores function. Failure to capture or sense appropriately is most often due to
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Question 38 of 119
Identify the valve that separates the right atrium and the right ventricle.
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HESI LPN · LPN Cardiovascular System Exam Questions
Question 39 of 119
A patient recently had a cardiac catheterization via right-radial approach and now has a compression device in place. The patient reports numbness and pain in the right hand. The cardiac-vascular nurse notes a diminished pulse, with a cool and cyanotic hand. The nurse:
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HESI LPN · LPN Cardiovascular System Exam Questions
Question 40 of 119
The SA node is located:
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Question 41 of 119
What is the term that describes the inability of cardiac cells to respond to a new stimulus while they are still in contraction from a previous stimulus?
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HESI LPN · LPN Cardiovascular System Exam Questions
Question 42 of 119
Which of the following best describes veins?
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Question 43 of 119
Which condition is characterized by the narrowing or blockage of arteries that supply blood to the heart by plaque?
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HESI LPN · LPN Cardiovascular System Exam Questions
Question 44 of 119
A nurse is teaching a client with venous insufficiency about the application and use of TED hose to promote circulation and venous return. Which of the following statements by the client indicates that more teaching is needed?
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Question 45 of 119
What is a condition where the heart beats too fast, reducing its ability to pump blood effectively?
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Question 46 of 119
This is a test that measures the oxygen saturation level in the blood, often used to assess respiratory function.
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Question 47 of 119
Identify the vessels that branch off the ascending aorta.
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HESI LPN · LPN Cardiovascular System Exam Questions
Question 48 of 119
Where is the impulse from the SA node delayed, enabling atrial contraction to complete before the ventricles are stimulated and contract?
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HESI LPN · LPN Cardiovascular System Exam Questions
Question 49 of 119
Put these parts of the electrical conducting system of the heart in the correct order for conduction of the cardiac impulse: 1. Atrioventricular node, 2. Atrioventricular (AV) bundle (bundle of His), 3. Left and right bundle branches, 4. Sinoatrial node, 5. Purkinje fibres
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HESI LPN · LPN Cardiovascular System Exam Questions
Question 50 of 119
Which type of heart disease involves the stiffening of the heart muscle, reducing its ability to relax and fill with blood?
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HESI LPN · LPN Cardiovascular System Exam Questions
Question 51 of 119
Which test uses sound waves to create images of the heart, allowing doctors to assess its structure and function?
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HESI LPN · LPN Cardiovascular System Exam Questions
Question 52 of 119
The client on warfarin has an INR of 5.5. What is the priority nursing action?
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Question 53 of 119
What is the amount of blood the heart pumps through the circulatory system in a minute?
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Question 54 of 119
What test involves the nurse instructing the client to avoid eating or drinking until sensation and the gag reflex return, which may take 1 hour or longer?
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Question 55 of 119
Which primitive area of the heart will give rise to the right ventricle?
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HESI LPN · LPN Cardiovascular System Exam Questions
Question 56 of 119
What is most organ damage in hypertension related to?
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Question 57 of 119
Which heart chamber receives oxygenated blood from the four pulmonary veins and serves as a reservoir during ventricular systole?
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Question 58 of 119
Which condition is caused by a bacterium that primarily affects the lungs but can spread to other parts of the body?
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Question 59 of 119
Blood vessel into which the right ventricle pumps blood through a semilunar valve
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Question 60 of 119
From where do these originate, behind the cusps of the aortic valve, in an area known as Valsalva's sinus?
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Question 61 of 119
What is the amount of tension the ventricle must develop during contraction to eject blood from the left ventricle into the aorta?
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Question 62 of 119
In the fetus, fully oxygenated blood is carried by the:
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Question 63 of 119
The hematocrit is a measure of the percentage of whole blood occupied by
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Question 64 of 119
The healthcare provider is monitoring a client receiving lidocaine IV. What side effect is the healthcare provider most concerned about?
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Question 65 of 119
What is a severe allergic reaction that can cause difficulty breathing and shock?
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Question 66 of 119
Veins, as compared to arteries:
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Question 67 of 119
Called the universal donor; has no antigens on the red blood cell
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Question 68 of 119
A patient with cardiogenic shock receives a nursing diagnosis of decreased cardiac output. With the appropriate interventions, the anticipated outcome is for the patient to achieve:
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Question 69 of 119
What is a life-threatening condition where the heart suddenly stops beating?
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Question 70 of 119
When monitoring a client on dobutamine, what is the most important parameter to assess?
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Question 71 of 119
What is the condition where the pericardium, the sac surrounding the heart, becomes inflamed, leading to chest pain and other symptoms?
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Question 72 of 119
The muscular wall dividing the right and left ventricles
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Question 73 of 119
The nurse is teaching a client about side effects of ACE inhibitors. What is the most important side effect to monitor?
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Question 74 of 119
Increased numbers of may occur in allergic reactions, parasitic infections, and some autoimmune diseases.
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Question 75 of 119
Which chronic condition is characterized by abnormally thickened heart muscle, making it harder for the heart to pump blood efficiently?
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Question 76 of 119
Which term describes a type of abnormal heart rhythm characterized by rapid and irregular beating of the atria?
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Question 77 of 119
To detect and treat the most common complication of MI, what should the nurse do?
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Question 78 of 119
Discuss the strategies to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia.
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Question 79 of 119
The client is on nitroglycerin and reports chest pain. What is the nurse's priority action?
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Question 80 of 119
What is the term used to describe a condition where the blood flow to the brain is temporarily interrupted, often referred to as a 'mini-stroke'?
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Question 81 of 119
Which of the following electrocardiogram (EKG) waves represents atrial depolarization?
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Question 82 of 119
Cardiac output is equal to
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Question 83 of 119
In counseling the patient about sexual activity following an MI, what should the nurse do?
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Question 84 of 119
Which of the following is a genetic disorder that causes thick, sticky mucus to build up in the lungs and digestive system, leading to severe respiratory and digestive problems?
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Question 85 of 119
Which of the following pumps or exchangers explains why the volume of RBCs in venous blood is greater than that of arterial blood due to accumulation of water in these cells?
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Question 86 of 119
What is a surgical procedure where a blood vessel is grafted to bypass a blocked coronary artery, improving blood flow to the heart muscle?
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Question 87 of 119
What is a surgical procedure to create an opening in the windpipe to assist with breathing?
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Question 88 of 119
What is a condition where the heart muscle is weakened and unable to pump blood effectively, often leading to heart failure?
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Question 89 of 119
What type of medication is used to relax the muscles around the airways and improve breathing in conditions like asthma and COPD?
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Question 90 of 119
What is a condition where the heart is unable to pump blood effectively, leading to a buildup of fluid in the lungs and other parts of the body?
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Question 91 of 119
The right and left brachiocephalic veins
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Question 92 of 119
Mrs. Payer's care plan during the acute phase following MI should include attention to such psychologic aspects as fear, stress, and hopefulness. Therapeutic goals from the time of admission must be geared to
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Question 93 of 119
Which condition involves the heart muscle becoming abnormally thickened, reducing its ability to pump blood?
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Question 94 of 119
Serum is
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Question 95 of 119
Which surgical procedure involves removing a portion of the lung?
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Question 96 of 119
Which condition is characterized by an inability to effectively pump blood, leading to fluid buildup and swelling in the body?
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Question 97 of 119
The nurse determines that the treatment of heart failure has been successful when the patient experiences
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Question 98 of 119
Which portion of the ECG corresponds to repolarization of the atria?
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Question 99 of 119
The nurse is caring for a client on heparin. What is the most important lab value to monitor?
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Question 100 of 119
The health care provider has written an order to measure a client's apical pulse every 8 hours. Using anatomical landmarks, which of the following best describes where the nurse should place the stethoscope to obtain this measurement?
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Question 101 of 119
Which serum lipid elevation, along with elevated LDL, is strongly associated with CAD?
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Question 102 of 119
A client is scheduled for a Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA). The nurse knows that a PTCA is the?
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Question 103 of 119
What is a condition where blood clots form in the deep veins, usually in the legs, and can travel to the lungs, causing serious complications?
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Question 104 of 119
The heart is divided into how many chambers?
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Question 105 of 119
If Mr. Smith is admitted with pericarditis with effusion and shows dyspnea, tachycardia, distended neck veins, and arterial hypotension, your evaluation of the situation would be that
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Question 106 of 119
At 9:00 pm, you admit a 63-year-old with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) to the ED. The physician is considering the use of fibrinolytic therapy with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA, alteplase). Which information is most important to communicate to the physician?
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Question 107 of 119
What test measures the pressure inside the arteries as the heart pumps blood?
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Question 108 of 119
The nurse is administering a calcium channel blocker. What is the primary effect of this medication on the cardiovascular system?
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Question 109 of 119
Which white blood cell helps protect against parasitic worms?
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Question 110 of 119
The client is on warfarin and has an INR of 1.5. What is the nurse's priority action?
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Question 111 of 119
Immature red blood cells that are released into circulating blood
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Question 112 of 119
The velocity of flow in blood vessels is determined by:
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Question 113 of 119
Sympathetic impulses to the smooth muscles in the walls of arteries and arterioles produce:
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Question 114 of 119
What is a condition where the heart beats with an irregular or abnormal rhythm?
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HESI LPN · LPN Cardiovascular System Exam Questions
Question 115 of 119
Sinus arrhythmia:
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HESI LPN · LPN Cardiovascular System Exam Questions
Question 116 of 119
What is a chronic condition where the heart muscle becomes weakened and enlarged, reducing its ability to pump blood effectively?
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HESI LPN · LPN Cardiovascular System Exam Questions
Question 117 of 119
A nurse is required to monitor a client with dysrhythmia during the administration of isoproterenol. Which of the following nursing interventions will help to determine the drug response?
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HESI LPN · LPN Cardiovascular System Exam Questions
Question 118 of 119
Fastest conducting tissue in human heart:
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HESI LPN · LPN Cardiovascular System Exam Questions
Question 119 of 119
A client's family member asks the nurse how to know if the client is improving while receiving furosemide (Lasix) for congestive heart failure. The nurse's response should be based on the understanding that improvement in the client's condition is characterized by
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