The x-ray shows that the patient's fracture is at the remodeling stage. What characteristics of the fracture healing process are happening at this stage (select one that doesn't apply)?
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Question 2 of 183
During muscle strength testing, the patient has active movement against gravity and some resistance to pressure. What score should the nurse give this finding?
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Question 3 of 183
Which patient should be assigned to the traveling nurse, new to neurologic nursing care, who has been on the neurologic unit for 1 week?
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Question 4 of 183
When assessing patien's nutritional care plan, the nurse should recognize which lab values as needing re-evaluation?
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Question 5 of 183
The highest amount of refraction in the human eye, under normal conditions, occurs at:
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Question 6 of 183
While performing assisted range of motion exercises for a client with osteoarthritis, the nurse notes joint crepitus. Which action should the nurse take?
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Question 7 of 183
An action potential:
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Question 8 of 183
The following are true about parathyroid hormone:
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Question 9 of 183
During transmission across a typical chemical synapse,
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Question 10 of 183
Which of the following is a positive Babinski's sign?
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Question 11 of 183
Two primary agents of cellular communication are
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Question 12 of 183
The septum of the nasal cavity is innervated by
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Question 13 of 183
Monitoring post-cerebral aneurysm rupture, which indicates increased ICP?
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Question 14 of 183
Axons that conduct nerve impulses away from the central nervous system are called:
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Question 15 of 183
What nursing interventions are most critical for a client diagnosed with encephalitis?
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Question 16 of 183
A young male client visits a nurse with a complaint of chronic tension headaches. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing instruction to manage the client?
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Question 17 of 183
Reflex arcs that involve the spinal cord without direct involvement of the brain are classified as:
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Question 18 of 183
Mitoxantrone (Novantrone) is being considered as treatment for a patient with progressive-relapsing MS. The nurse explains that a disadvantage of this drug compared with other drugs used for MS is what?
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Question 19 of 183
Neurons located in which area release serotonin as their neurotransmitter?
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Question 20 of 183
Nurse Thompson is reviewing the neurological assessment of Mr. Johnson, a 70-year-old patient who exhibits tremors and slow movements. She recalls that these symptoms are often linked to a specific neurological disorder characterized by reduced dopamine levels due to the loss of pigmented neurons in the substantia nigra region of the basal ganglia. Which disease does Nurse Thompson recognize as associated with these findings?
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Question 21 of 183
The following may cause an elevated blood urea:
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Question 22 of 183
When the nursing student asks the RN what an arthroplasty is, what is the best description the RN can give the student?
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Question 23 of 183
A patient taking ibuprofen (Motrin) for treatment of OA has good pain relief but is experiencing increased dyspepsia and nausea with the drug's use. The nurse consults the patient's primary care provider about doing what?
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Question 24 of 183
When is a fat embolism most likely to occur?
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Question 25 of 183
The peripheral nervous system consists of:
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Question 26 of 183
A patient who had a below-the-knee amputation is to be fitted with a temporary prosthesis. It is most important for the nurse to teach the patient to do what?
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Question 27 of 183
Following a T2 spinal cord injury, the patient develops paralytic ileus. While this condition is present, what should the nurse anticipate that the patient will need?
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Question 28 of 183
An increase in which of the following is the most likely cause of this hearing loss?
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Question 29 of 183
Which of the following nursing interventions may reduce hemostasis and decrease the potential for thrombophlebitis for a client with neurologic disorder?
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Question 30 of 183
Muscle tissue is innervated by both the somatic motor and autonomic nervous systems. Which type(s) of muscle tissues is(are) innervated by the autonomic nervous system?
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Question 31 of 183
Within what approximate time frame does necrosis (cell death) occur because of lack of blood, oxygen, and glucose supplied to the brain?
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Question 32 of 183
What is an appropriate nursing intervention to promote communication during rehabilitation of the patient with aphasia?
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Question 33 of 183
Which is the CORRECT myotome?
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Question 34 of 183
There are ________ layers of meninges around the brain and spinal cord.
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Question 35 of 183
After talking with the health care provider, the patient asks what the blood-brain barrier does. What is the best description that the nurse can give the patient?
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Question 36 of 183
Agnosias are the inability to recognize objects even when the ability to recognize their components (simple sensory skills) are intact. Damage to which component of the nervous system is likely to cause an agnosia?
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Question 37 of 183
Dysdiadochokinesia refers to ___________.
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Question 38 of 183
The somatic nervous system does NOT serve:
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Question 39 of 183
Excitatory signals have a ________ effect.
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Question 40 of 183
The spinal cord is protected by the:
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Question 41 of 183
What is the priority nursing diagnosis for a patient experiencing a migraine headache?
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Question 42 of 183
In the central nervous system, the equivalent of Schwann cells are called:
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Question 43 of 183
Bundle of nerve fibers that transmit information between different regions of the cerebral cortex within the same hemisphere is called a:
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Question 44 of 183
If an individual suffers a traumatic event and has a neurological disorder that means they may be unable to recall anything from the moment of the injury or to retain memories of recent events. This is known as:
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Question 45 of 183
Which of these physiological changes would not be considered part of the sympathetic fight-or-flight response?
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Question 46 of 183
Postganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic nervous system release the neurotransmitter:
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Question 47 of 183
Which chronic neurologic disorder involves a deficiency of the neurotransmitters acetylcholine and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the basal ganglia and extrapyramidal system?
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Question 48 of 183
A 70-year-old alcoholic patient with acute lethargy, confusion, and incontinence is admitted to the hospital ED. His wife tells you that he fell down the stairs about a month ago, but 'he didn't have a scratch afterward.' She feels that he has become gradually less active and sleepier over the last 10 days or so. Which of the following collaborative interventions will you implement first?
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Question 49 of 183
The 'sodium-potassium pump' pumps ___________.
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Question 50 of 183
Which substance will elicit the sensation of bitter taste?
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Question 51 of 183
Which statement describes osteosarcoma?
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Question 52 of 183
Which of the following is NOT related to the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?
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Question 53 of 183
Which of the following can NOT be prevented with a vaccine?
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Question 54 of 183
Which of the following is a traumatic brain injury:
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Question 55 of 183
The afferent division of the nervous system functions in:
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Question 56 of 183
A young adult female visits the clinic for primary dysmenorrhea and tells the nurse that she started taking a calcium supplement to reduce her menstrual cramps. But I quit taking calcium because it caused constipation. The client to know what she does to relieve her menstrual cramps. Which action should the nurse implement first to address the client’s concern?
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Question 57 of 183
The basal ganglia comprise:
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Question 58 of 183
Which statement regarding color vision is correct?
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Question 59 of 183
The fovea allows for increase visual acuity by which of the following specializations:
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Question 60 of 183
For what purpose would the nurse use the Mini-Mental State Examination to evaluate a patient with cognitive impairment?
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Question 61 of 183
The nurse expects which med order for hemorrhagic stroke with BP 200/110?
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Question 62 of 183
A patient has an atherosclerotic plaque in the middle cerebral artery. What does the nurse recognize about this patient's situation?
An alternative approach to dealing with attention deficits is not to try and improve attention itself, but to provide the client with some compensatory skills that will allow them to effectively manage their slowed information processing. This is knwn as:
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Question 65 of 183
Which number in the diagram corresponds to the renal pelvis? (Figure 2)
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Question 66 of 183
The action potential of a neuron
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Question 67 of 183
What does an abnormal finding in the assessment of the patient's motor function suggest?
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Question 68 of 183
You start to fall but then catch yourself, regaining your balance. Which of the following brain regions is responsible for the rapid coordination of muscle activity that kept you from falling?
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Question 69 of 183
A 70-year-old patient is admitted after falling from his roof. He has a spinal cord injury at the C7 level. What findings during the assessment identify the presence of spinal shock?
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Question 70 of 183
What is a common neurotransmitter?
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Question 71 of 183
Mrs. C. has a right hemiplegia secondary to a cerebrovascular accident. To avoid aspiration during meals she would be instructed to avoid
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Question 72 of 183
The primary taste area is in the __________:
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Question 73 of 183
The patient asks, 'What does the doctor mean when he says that I have an avulsion fracture in my leg? I thought I had a sprain!' What is the best response by the nurse?
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Question 74 of 183
Injury to which segment of the spine results in damage to the chest and abdominal muscles?
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Question 75 of 183
The patient works on a computer 8 hours each day. What kind of repetitive strain injury would be expected in this patient?
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Question 76 of 183
A 45-year-old male presents with recurrent severe left-sided head pain. The pain develops rapidly and feels as if someone is 'stabbing' his eye. He reports his left eye gets red and watery and that his left eyelid 'droops' during each episode. His headaches last approximately 30 minutes, and have been occurring a few times a day for the past 5 weeks; some of the attacks occur out of sleep and he feels like he can predict what time they will occur each day. He has tried over the counter acetaminophen, which provides no relief. He reports no visual abnormalities. Medical history is significant for a benign lung nodule. He has been smoking cigarettes for the past 25 years. During an attack, the patient appears restless and agitated. Which of the following is most likely the diagnosis?
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Question 77 of 183
For the patient who has expressive aphasia following a cerebrovascular accident, the most therapeutic nursing intervention would be to
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Question 78 of 183
Two days post-intracranial surgery, urine output drops to 150 mL/day, specific gravity 1.035, sodium 129 mEq/L, low osmolarity. This suggests?
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Question 79 of 183
A husband visiting his wife in the hospital suddenly becomes confused and has difficulty with speech and starts slurring his words. The physician caring for his wife recognizes this as a cerebrovascular accident. What would you expect the physician to do?
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Question 80 of 183
Which of the following statements about Alzheimer's disease is true?
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Question 81 of 183
The Broca's area is located in the lobe:
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Question 82 of 183
With regard to the cutaneous innervation of the thorax and abdomen
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Question 83 of 183
The nurse practitioner is assessing an adult patient with a seizure disorder that is well controlled on phenytoin (Dilantin). What new finding indicates that a phenytoin drug level assessment is needed?
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Question 84 of 183
Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding amphibian and mammalian visual systems?
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Question 85 of 183
In most cases, when diagnosing a neurological disorder such as dementia, the clinician will endeavour to classify it according to its cause. Which of the following is a specific cause that has been identified?:
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Question 86 of 183
The nurse assessing the patient with increased intracranial pressure (ICP) understands which factors are associated with increased ICP? ( SELECT ONE THAT APPLY)
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Question 87 of 183
What characteristics are common in spondyloarthritides associated with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)€“B27?
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Question 88 of 183
The woman with osteoporosis slipped on the ice and now her wrist hurts. If there is a fracture, what type of fracture is expected?
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Question 89 of 183
Which therapy or treatment often falls between ordinary and extraordinary care?
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Question 90 of 183
A patient who has been admitted to the medical unit with new-onset angina also has a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Her husband tells you that he rarely gets a good night's sleep because he needs to be sure she does not wander during the night. He insists on checking each of the medications you give her to be sure they are the same as the ones she takes at home. Based on this information, which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate for this patient?
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Question 91 of 183
At the scene of the accident in which position should Joe be placed before being transported by ambulance to the emergency room?
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Question 92 of 183
In reviewing Mrs. Post's laboratory results, which abnormal test is most likely to confirm the diagnosis?
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Question 93 of 183
An adult male who is insulin dependent diabetic. Is admitted to the hospital because of headaches. When the client stiffens and begins to seize. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement?
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Question 94 of 183
Crutchfield tongs are inserted into Joe's scalp and 20 lb of weight are attached to the traction. The main goals of this treatment measure are to
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Question 95 of 183
In initial stage of Parkinson disease the most typical involuntary movement is the following:
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Question 96 of 183
Which plexus is responsible for innervating the muscles and skin of the lower limb?
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Question 97 of 183
What are the two major divisions of the nervous system?
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Question 98 of 183
A myelogram is ordered for Mr. Tucker to determine the extent of injury. Which of the following would be avoided following this procedure?
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Question 99 of 183
Radicular pain that radiates down the buttock and below the knee, along the distribution of the sciatic nerve, generally indicates what?
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Question 100 of 183
Which insulin does the nurse administer intravenously to a patient with a blood glucose of 240 mg/dL?
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Question 101 of 183
Which statement accurately describes dementia?
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Question 102 of 183
Which action can the RN delegate to the unlicensed assistive personnel to reduce fatigue for a patient recovering from a stroke at mealtimes?
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Question 103 of 183
The LPN/LVN, under your supervision, is providing nursing care for a patient with GBS. What observation would you instruct the LPN/LVN to report immediately?
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Question 104 of 183
A 40-year-old client presents with a complaint of morning stiffness in her hands, and painful joints of about 3 months duration. On physical examination, you note deviation of the fingers of both hands toward the ulnar side, and swelling and thickening of the proximal interphalangeal joints. You refer the client to a physician for diagnosis and treatment of what you expect to be
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Question 105 of 183
During treatment of the patient with an acute attack of gout, the nurse would expect to administer which drug?
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Question 106 of 183
Which one of the following describes saltatory conduction:
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Question 107 of 183
A patient has a ruptured cerebral aneurysm and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Which intervention will the nurse include in the plan of care?
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Question 108 of 183
Pupil dilatation occurs with:
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Question 109 of 183
MRS. Post is being discharged tomorrow on a regimen of prednisone and aspirin to control her symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus. She should be told to call her physician immediately if which one of the following occurs?
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Question 110 of 183
A 71-year-old patient has had PD for 8 years and is currently taking pramipexole 1.5 mg three times a day and carbidopa/levodopa 25/100 mg four times a day. His wife claims that he is complaining of seeing spiders and bugs running across the floor and imaginary children in their house. The first thing to do is:
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Question 111 of 183
A 30-year-old female presents with muscle weakness in the lower extremities and palpitations. Her symptoms have been progressively worse over the course of a 2 weeks. She reports to be in great health, but had a period of abdominal pain and diarrhea approximately 5 weeks ago. Her temperature is 98.9 deg F (37.2 deg C), blood pressure 117/82 mmHg, pulse is 102/min, and respirations are 16/min. On physical exam, there is 4-/5 muscle strength throughout the lower extremities. Bilateral patellar reflexes are 1+ and ankle reflexes are absent. Lumbar puncture was performed, and results are pending. Part 2: What is the most appropriate initial treatment?
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Question 112 of 183
The male client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis states he has been investigating alternative therapies to treat his disease. Which intervention is most appropriate by the nurse?
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Question 113 of 183
A 78-year-old woman has a physiologic change related to aging in her joints. What is an appropriate nursing intervention related to common changes of aging in the musculoskeletal system?
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Question 114 of 183
The nurse prepares to measure pulmonary artery pressures in Mr. Smith. Based on Mr. Smith’s diagnosis of cardiogenic shock, which values should the nurse anticipate?
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Question 115 of 183
Which test evaluates a patient's coordination and balance?
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Question 116 of 183
A left-handed patient with left-sided hemiplegia has difficulty feeding himself. Which intervention should the nurse include in the plan of care?
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Question 117 of 183
Closed head injury with bloody nasal drainage. CSF leak suspected if?
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Question 118 of 183
A 43-year-old man sustained a lower back injury that causes severe chronic pain. His physician prescribes benzodiazepine sedation medications to help him sleep. Which response best describes why this man has difficulty sleeping without medication?
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Question 119 of 183
The medilla oblongata:
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Question 120 of 183
A client who is treated for a meniscal injury to the knee is advised prolonged immobility. To help prevent skin breakdown and infections, the nurse should instruct the client to increase the intake of which of the following?
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Question 121 of 183
A client with Hepatitis A is complaining of weakness and chronic fatigue. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement?
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Question 122 of 183
The ________ ________ consists of glands that secrete hormones:
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Question 123 of 183
A client is monitored for complications after having surgery to repair a fracture. Which of the following symptoms would indicate an arterial obstruction in the affected area?
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Question 124 of 183
The wife of a 65-year-old man tells the nurse that she is concerned because she has noticed a change in her husband's personality and ability to understand. He also cries very easily and becomes angry. The nurse recalls that the cerebral lobe responsible for these behaviors is the __________ lobe.
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Question 125 of 183
To assess a patient's ability to follow commands, the nurse should:
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Question 126 of 183
The nurse cares for a client with stroke symptoms. What’s the priority action?
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Question 127 of 183
Mrs. Rollo has been instructed to check her urine with a multiple test stick. For which abnormal finding should she be particularly alert and report to you when the test is positive?
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Question 128 of 183
A patient in traction frequently voices discomfort. Which one of the following complaints by Mrs. Iris would indicate beginning decubitus formation?
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Question 129 of 183
Which of the following is NOT true of the resting potential of a neuron?
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Question 130 of 183
A client on azathioprine post-kidney transplant asks why periodic CBCs are needed. The nurse explains it’s critical to report which of the following?
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Question 131 of 183
What is the principle function of the tympanic membrane and the ossicular chain of the middle ear?
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Question 132 of 183
The prefrontal cortex, responsible for personality, decision-making, and social behavior, is located in the:
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Question 133 of 183
When assessing a patient's level of consciousness, the nurse should:
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Question 134 of 183
The potential space between the dura mater and the skull, which may contain blood vessels and connective tissue, is called the:
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Question 135 of 183
Which neuroglial cells are involved in the production and circulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the central nervous system?
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Question 136 of 183
A 68-year-old woman is brought to her primary care physician by her son due to concerns about her behavior over the past 9 months. He reports that there were times she would leave the stove on after she finished cooking, causing her husband to always check the stove after meals. Even though he would tell the patient he will be visiting her in a few weeks, she completely forgets when he arrives. He has also noticed she is mildly irritable at things that usually would not bother her. Past medical history is unremarkable, and her only medication is a multivitamin. She is a retired secretary and currently lives with her husband. Her vital signs are unremarkable. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) testing is significant for impairments in visuospatial function and memory (0/5 items on delayed recall, even with cues). The rest of the neurological exam is unremarkable. TSH and vitamin B12 tests are normal. Which of the following is most likely to be found on histology?
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Question 137 of 183
Which statement by a patient with osteoporosis indicates the need for additional teaching?
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Question 138 of 183
Natural selection tends to correlate the structures of a nervous system with an animal's interaction with the environment. A good example are sessile or slow-moving mollusks such as clams, which
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Question 139 of 183
A cylinder cast needs to be applied to a client with a fracture. What is the role of the nurse during the procedure?
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Question 140 of 183
What best describes the manifestations of OA?
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Question 141 of 183
Control of temperature, endocrine activity, metabolism, and thirst are functions associated with the:
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Question 142 of 183
Within how many hours does tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) need to be given to be most successful for a client with an ischemic stroke?
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Question 143 of 183
The nurse will document which reflex is present when there is dorsiflexion of the great toe with fanning of other toes?
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Question 144 of 183
The outermost connective tissue covering that surrounds an entire nerve is called the:
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Question 145 of 183
Describe the structure of the spinal cord:
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Question 146 of 183
Prescribed: Heparin at 30 mL/hr, 40,000 units in 500 mL D5W. How many units/hr?
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Question 147 of 183
Post-tetanic facilitation is thought to be the result of which of the following?
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Question 148 of 183
A patient becomes startled when the alarm rings for a fire drill. After reassuring the patient that there is no danger, an assessment is completed. Which finding may be related to a sympathetic response?
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Question 149 of 183
A patient has left sided hemiplegia following an ischemic stroke that was experienced 4 days earlier. How would the nurse best promote the health of the patients integumentary system?
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Question 150 of 183
You are caring for a patient who has just had open carpal tunnel release surgery. The surgeon has requested that the patient's hand and arm remain elevated above the level of the heart after the surgery. This is to
One important nursing intervention for the patient with fibromyalgia is to teach the patient to do what?
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Question 153 of 183
Which compartment of the cochlea contains the organ of Corti?
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Question 154 of 183
How can the nurse examine the client for stiffness and rigidity of the neck?
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Question 155 of 183
A positive Plantar reflex in an adult is:
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Question 156 of 183
A 34-year-old woman presents with neck pain. She is accompanied by her husband, who says she appears to have right-turning, tremor-like movement of the neck. The patient describes the pain as muscle spasm-like, and states that her symptoms improve with rest and sleep. She has recently begun taking Citalopram due to being diagnosed with major depressive disorder. She denies any alcohol or illicit drug use. On physical examination, there is right head turning with left lateral head tilt. Jerky head tremor is noted, with spasm and hypertrophy of the left sternocleidomastoid muscle. Which of the following is most likely the diagnosis?
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Question 157 of 183
In a chemical synapse, neurotransmitters are stored in:
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Question 158 of 183
A previously healthy 26-year-old male is brought to the emergency department due to muscle weakness. He reports mild weakness in his legs that has progressively worsened over a few days to the point that he can barely move his legs. He has some numbness in his legs and his arms feel weak. He has recently recovered from a respiratory infection. 1/5 muscle strength is noted throughout the lower extremities, as well as absent patellar and ankle reflexes. 3 to 4-/5 muscle strength is appreciated throughout his upper extremities. A lumbar puncture is performed, which shows the following: Cell count: 4 cells/mm3, Glucose: 67 mg/dL, Protein: 187 mg/dL Gram stain: no organisms Spirometry is performed, which shows a forced vital capacity of 0.85 L. Which of the following is the best next step in management?
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Question 159 of 183
The nurse recognizes acute liver transplant rejection by which signs?
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Question 160 of 183
The nurse is caring for a patient with new onset of slurred speech, facial droop, and left sided weakness 8 hrs ago. Diagnostic computed tomography scan rules out the presence of bleed. What actions are most important to include in the patients plan of care?
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Question 161 of 183
What central fiber tract connects forebrain and brain stem structures with the hypothalamus?
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Question 162 of 183
A woman wears a size 7 shoe. She says, My feet are huge. I've asked three orthopedists to surgically reduce my feet. The patient tries to buy shoes to make her feet look smaller and, in social settings, conceals both feet under a table or chair. Which health problem is likely?
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Question 163 of 183
What should be included in the management during the first 48 hours after an acute soft tissue injury of the ankle (select one that doesn't apply)?
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Question 164 of 183
The vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII) is associated with:
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Question 165 of 183
When Mr. Jones develops an attack of autonomic dysreflexia, it is initially most important to
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Question 166 of 183
A client with a skeletal traction reports a throbbing pain. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to relieve the pain?
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Question 167 of 183
The temperature & pin sense loss usually develops with disease in:
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Question 168 of 183
For a patient with a stroke and right-sided hemiplegia, what should the nurse teach the family?
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Question 169 of 183
A client with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis tells the nurse that even though the primary symptoms of exacerbation are leg spasms and blurred vision, the hardest part is trying to get through the day because of being so tired. Which diagnosis should the nurse identify as a priority for this client?
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Question 170 of 183
Which technique is used to assess the cerebellum?
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Question 171 of 183
A week following a spinal cord injury at T2, a patient experiences movement in his leg and tells the nurse that he is recovering some function. What is the nurse's best response to the patient?
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Question 172 of 183
A client who has been immobile from a neurological deficit is moved to another bed in the nursing home and, following the move, complains of pain in his leg. Which complication is possible?
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Question 173 of 183
A patient says, I know I have a brain tumor despite the results of the magnetic resonance image (MRI). The radiologist is wrong. People who have brain tumors vomit, and yesterday I vomited all day. Which response by the nurse fosters cognitive restructuring?
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Question 174 of 183
Which photoreceptor responds to the broadest spectrum of wavelengths of light?
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Question 175 of 183
Which patient should the nurse assess first after change-of-shift report?
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Question 176 of 183
A client is admitted to the hospital with symptoms consistent with right hemisphere stroke. Which neurovascular assessment requires immediate intervention by the nurse?
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Question 177 of 183
A neurologist asks a patient to stick out the tongue. Which cranial nerve (CN) is being tested?
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Question 178 of 183
In helping Mrs. Iris plan her diet, which of the following foods would the nurse help her to select?
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Question 179 of 183
Prolonged changes in neuronal activity are usually achieved through the activation of which of the following?
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Question 180 of 183
Patients who work in settings that require repetition of the same hand movements over a long period of time have an increased risk for which of the following disorders?
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Question 181 of 183
The two major anatomical divisions of the nervous system are the
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Question 182 of 183
A 25-year-old student studies for a test in medical physiology. The visual contrast of the subject matter is enhanced due to lateral inhibition of the visual input by which cell type in the retina?
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Question 183 of 183
The change in electrical charge that occurs in a neuron when a nerve impulse is transmitted is known as the:
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