Vital statistics provide an archive of certain health data. These data do not become surveillance data until they are analyzed, interpreted, and disseminated with the intent of influencing public health decision-making or action.
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Question 2 of 69
What is meant by distribution in epidemiology?
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Question 3 of 69
What type of epidemiological study involves comparing individuals with a disease to those without the disease?
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Question 4 of 69
Anti malaria month is observed in
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Question 5 of 69
The acceptable level of iron in potable water is:
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Question 6 of 69
The selection of groups of study units instead of selection of study units is called
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Question 7 of 69
Two women seem to agree on almost everything from favorite music to favorite media stars to the best way to prepare a meal. Which of the following best explains this similarity in the two women?
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Question 8 of 69
A school had tried very hard to uphold the requirement for all children to be vaccinated. However, state law allowed parents to exempt their child if they had a religious reason for refusal. Two children have been diagnosed with chickenpox. Which will be the most likely result?
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Question 9 of 69
What is the primary focus of quaternary prevention?
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Question 10 of 69
Which of the following is not the analytical study?
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Question 11 of 69
Highest ASFR is in the age group
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Question 12 of 69
Which best describes what is happening with infectious diseases in the United States?
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Question 13 of 69
A nurse has only a regular blood pressure cuff when conducting a health screening for all of the residents of a community. Which of the following may be lacking when obtaining blood pressure readings?
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Question 14 of 69
What type of study design is often used to examine the association between a risk factor and a rare disease?
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Question 15 of 69
Denominator of annual parasite index API is
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Question 16 of 69
Which would be the best method to increase the positive predictive value of a screening test?
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Question 17 of 69
Define in your own words the term 'demographic transition'.
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Question 18 of 69
‘Let down reflex' is responsible for the
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Question 19 of 69
The key feature of an analytic (epidemiologic) study is: (Select only one answer)
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Question 20 of 69
What is the main purpose of a descriptive study?
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Question 21 of 69
Correct statements about infant mortality include which of the following?
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Question 22 of 69
Which of the following is the social indicator?
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Question 23 of 69
Vaccine efficacy measures are: (Choose one wrong answer)
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Question 24 of 69
8 years long study was done and at last 45 new cases per 1000 found and that last case is called:
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Question 25 of 69
which of the following does not affect sample size?
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Question 26 of 69
Which action by the nurse during an infectious disease outbreak is an example of a secondary prevention measure?
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Question 27 of 69
When describing the epidemiology of lung cancer in the U.S. in 1990, all the following statements are true EXCEPT
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Question 28 of 69
If a disease has a low prevalence, which value of the diagnostic test is likely to be most affected?
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Question 29 of 69
International studies of cardiovascular disease have shown which of the following?
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Question 30 of 69
What type of bias occurs when study participants are lost to follow-up?
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Question 31 of 69
Which of the following study determine prevalence of diseases?
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Question 32 of 69
MDG stands for
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Question 33 of 69
A nurse is examining the various factors that lead to disease and suggests several areas where
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Question 34 of 69
A nurse is planning to host a health screening at a large urban mall. Which of the following variables will help the nurse determine which screenings should be included? (Select all that apply.)
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Question 35 of 69
The primary prevention of disease focuses on:
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Question 36 of 69
What is the main purpose of matching in a case-control study?
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Question 37 of 69
What is the primary purpose of obtaining informed consent from research participants?
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Question 38 of 69
Obsolete pesticide is related to the following except
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Question 39 of 69
Which of the following statements about microcytic anemia in the U.S. is true?
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Question 40 of 69
Panic disorders are characterized by the sudden onset of overwhelming terror or anxiety. True statements about the incidence of panic disorders include which of the following?
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Question 41 of 69
Which measure is used to describe the frequency of new cases of a disease in a population?
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Question 42 of 69
Law of improbable events is
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Question 43 of 69
What type of bias is introduced when participants drop out of a study and the dropout is related to both the exposure and the outcome?
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Question 44 of 69
The highest prevalence of alcoholism is found among residents of
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Question 45 of 69
Which action highlights Florence Nightingale’s role as an epidemiologist?
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Question 46 of 69
When analyzing surveillance data by age, which of the following age groups is preferred? (Choose one best answer)
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Question 47 of 69
Which description of disease activity in a single area corresponds to endemic levels of disease?
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Question 48 of 69
A teacher recommends that surveys to obtain data on drug use be given to high school students when they meet for various school organizations. Which of the following best describes why the nurse would reject this suggestion?
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Question 49 of 69
A nurse wanted a screening test that was very sensitive in determining who might have a particular illness. What might be a problem with using such a sensitive test? (Select all that apply.)
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Question 50 of 69
Which of the following substances is causally associated with pneumoconiosis?
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Question 51 of 69
The hallmark feature of an analytic epidemiologic study is: (Choose one best answer)
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Question 52 of 69
Public health surveillance is only conducted by public health agencies.
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Question 53 of 69
A reservoir of an infectious agent can be: (Choose one wrong answer)
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Question 54 of 69
Which of the following is NOT a criterion for establishing causality in epidemiology?
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Question 55 of 69
An abrupt drop in mortality due to a specific cause is observed from one year to the next. Identify at least three possible reasons for such a change.
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Question 56 of 69
True statements about the epidemiology of cancer in the U.S., excluding nonmelanoma skin cancers and cancer in situ, include all the following EXCEPT
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Question 57 of 69
Which factor related to the agent will the nurse include when discussing the epidemiological triad?
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Question 58 of 69
Which has been determined to be a major variable in transmission of sexually transmitted infections?
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Question 59 of 69
What is confounding?
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Question 60 of 69
The measure of central location most commonly used with the interquartile range is the:
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Question 61 of 69
Though much is still unknown about adult-onset diabetes mellitus, constitutional and environmental factors associated with an increased incidence of the disease include all the following EXCEPT
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Question 62 of 69
Group affinity means
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Question 63 of 69
Which primary prevention strategy will the nurse include in a community program on the prevention of hepatitis C?
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Question 64 of 69
Loss of hearing due to exposure to noise depends upon all the following factors EXCEPT
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Question 65 of 69
Compared with a scatter diagram, a dot plot:
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Question 66 of 69
Which empirical relation is correct?
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Question 67 of 69
The primary reason for preparing and distributing periodic surveillance summaries is which of the following?
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Question 68 of 69
Area between one standard deviation on either side of mean in normal distribution curve is:
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Question 69 of 69
Which are the most common ways that a local health department uncovers outbreaks? (Choose one wrong answer)
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